10 NORTH AMERICAN FRESH-WATER FISHES. 
CYPRINIDZ. Puate 4. 
SEMOTILUS BULLARIS (Rafinesque). 
CHILONEMUS CATARRHACTUS. Baird. 
The Fall-fish, or Roach. 
Fig. 1. Side view of skull. 
. Top view of skull. 
. Lower view of skull. 
. Rear view of skull. 
. Lower pharyngeal bones and teeth. 
. Right lower pharyngeal bone. 
. Outline of section of body before dorsal. 
. Scale from the lateral line. 
CaOnNt nan Pp WY wp 
. Scale from above the lateral line. 
. Scale from below the lateral line. 
HoH 
HH 2 
. Young example. 
eS 
nw 
. Outline seen from above. 
po 
oo 
. Female example, nearly adult. 
The Fall-fish frequents deep places in clear, cold streams from Quebec 
southward to the James River, its range not extending west of the Alleghanies. 
It is especially partial to the pool at the foot of a cascade. It reaches a larger 
size than any other of the Cyprinidae, east of the Rocky Mountains specimens 
of from 16 to 18 inches long being sometimes taken. It is little valued as food. 
Thoreau says, ‘The Chub is a soft fish; it tastes like brown paper salted.” 
