FALCONIDAE 1 67 



crosses the rectrices, of which the co\-ei'ts are black and white. 

 A. nitida, reaching from Panama to south-east Brazil, differs in 

 having white bars above. JRupornis mugnirostris of Colonabia, 

 Guiana, and Amazonia — hardly separable from Astvrina — has 

 three black belts on the tail and is rufous instead of grey beneath ; 

 R. ruficauda of Central America, R. pucherani of Brazil, 

 Paraguay, and Argentina, and its Bolivian race R. satnrata, 

 have the chestnut remiges and rufous rectrices crossed with 

 blackish, and the under surface as in the iirst-named, but the 

 second is browner and shows a creamy patch on the prim- 

 aries ; R. natfereri, of Peru and Brazil, combines the chestnut 

 primaries with an ashy and black tail ; R. ridgwayi, of Haiti, 

 is chiefly rufous and brown above, and slate-coloured with white 

 bands below. R. pucherani is very noisy and eats fish. 



Butastur teesa (with its sub-species indicns) ranges from 

 Japan and China to New Guinea and India ; it is reddish- 

 brown, varied with white on the nape and rump, the tail and 

 lower parts being rufous, with black and white bars respectively. 

 £. Uventer, found from Burma to Celebes, is ashy below ; £. 

 rufipennis of North -East Africa, has streaks in place of bais. 

 The pugnaciou.s Indian form has a mewing cry, feeds upon small 

 mammals, lizards, frogs, and crabs, and builds its nest almost 

 entirely of twigs, laying some three bluish-white eggs. Gera- 

 noaetus melanoleucus of western and southern South America, 

 the so-called Chilian " Sea-Eagle," is black with grey wings and 

 white belly, both barred with dusky ; the flight is vulturine with 

 spiral gyrations, the note is piercing ; the food consists of carrion 

 from the beach, small mammals, birds, and grasshoppers. The 

 nest, placed in a tree or crag, is composed of sticks and grass, the 

 two white eggs being blotched with pale red. It is often seen 

 inland. 



Zeucopternis is a genus of eleven members, of which L. 

 ghiesbreghti, of Central America, is snowy-white, with most of 

 the wings and a zone on the tail black. The other forms, whereof 

 three inhabit Brazil, are black or slate-coloured above with 

 white markings, the lower surface being grey in L. plumbea of 

 Ecuador and Panama and L. schistacea of Colombia and 

 Amazonia, but barred with black and white in L. princeps, of 

 Costa Eica. Uruhitinga zonura, a black bird with white tip 

 and base to the tail, ranges from Mexico to Chili and Argentina ; 



