CRACIDAE 



197 



belly, white-tipped tail, red bill and feet ; the crest being well- 

 developed. M. tomentosa, of the first two countries only, has a 

 shorter crest and chestnut-tipped tail, whereas 31. salvini of Ecuador 

 has a white belly. Pauxis galeata, the Cashew-bird, inhabiting 

 Venezuela, Colombia, and Peru, is glossy greenish-black with white 

 abdomen and tip to the tail ; the frontal knob, supposed to re- 

 semble a Cashew nut, being dull blue. The female shows a large 

 admixture of chestnut and buff. 



Sub-fam. 2. Penelopinae. — -The fifteen species of Penelope are 

 brown or olive-green, more or less varied with chestnut and rufous, 

 or washed with purple or bronze ; the feathers, moreover, have often 

 whitish margins, the head in P. pileata and the outer primaries 

 in P. alhipennis becoming almost white. The wattled throat is 

 generally feathered in P. {Stegnolaema) montagnii, but naked else- 

 where, the colour being given as carmine in P. cristata, where the 

 feet are red. The orbits are also bare, the crest is moderate, and the 

 metatarsus in some cases is partly feathered. Two members of the 

 genus inhabit Central America. P. ohscura, the Pavo del Monte, 

 alone reaches Northern Argentina, where Crax fasciolata, Pipile 

 cumanensis, and Ortalis canicollis, the Charata, also represent the 

 Family. Penelopina nigra, of the Guatemalan highlands, is 

 greenish-black, barred and mottled with brown and buff in the 

 female ; the naked orbits are purplish, the bare throat, large wattle, 

 bill and feet red. Ortalis contains about seventeen forms, some 

 hardly worthy of specific rank, of which five occur from South to 

 Central America and one — 0. vetula, the Chiacalaca — extends to 

 Texas. 0. ruficauda is found in Tobago and the Grenadines. 

 The coloration is brown or olive, with little or no metallic gloss, 

 but relieved by chestnut, rufous and grey ; the breast and belly 

 being occasionally white or buff, the naked orbits and sides of the 

 throat apparently reddish, and the feet pinkish, grey, or blue. 

 Pi-pile cumanensis, of South America northwards from Bolivia and 

 Brazil, with Trinidad, is greenish-black ; a white crest of pointed 

 feathers reaches the sides of the neck, some white shews on the 

 wings and chest ; the cere, naked orbits, lores, throat and wattle 

 are blue, the feet red. P. jacutinga of South-East Brazil and 

 Paraguay has a purplish gloss above, and a red wattle ; P. cujuii of 

 the Lower Amazons a brown crest margined with white. Aburria 

 carunculata of Colombia and Ecuador is greenish-black, with a 

 scantily -feathered throat and long thin wattle. GJiamaepetes 



