TROCHILIDAE 435 



and Juan Fernandez, which haunts damp shady spots, is bronzy- 

 green, with fiery red crown, and greyish - white under parts 

 spotted with green. The female has the crown green. E. 

 fcrnandensis inhabits Juan Fernandez, and E. leyboldi Masafuera. 

 Pimfcijif insignis of Costa Eica is bluish-green, with glittering 

 blue crown and breast, blue-black tail, and bright scarlet throat 

 shading into orange laterally. Cyayioynyia verticalis of Mexico 

 is brownish- green above and white below, with shining cobalt 



head and sides of the neck, and a reddish bill. The hen has a 



# 



duller crown. Aviazilia contains some thirty diverse mernbers 

 ranging from North Mexico to Peru, Guiana, Trinidad, and 

 Tobago. A. pristina of Peru is greenish-bronze, with chestnut 

 sides, rump, and tail, emerald throat, and white middle to the 

 breast and abdomen. A. cyanura of Guatemala and Nicaragua is 

 entirely green, though bluer towards the tail, and shining below. 

 Cyaiiophaea caeruleigularis of Costa Eica, Panama, and Colombia is 

 bright green, with glittering violet-blue chest. Hylocharis ranges 

 from Guiana to South Brazil, H. sapphirina being deep green, 

 with bronzy rump and tail, chestnut chin, sapphire-blue throat 

 and breast. The female is whitish below with little blue. 



(3) Forms with smooth beaks. Eutoxeres, which has the bill 

 curved almost into a semi-circle, was placed by Gould with Rham- 

 phodon and Phaethornis in a Sub -family Phaethornithinae, as 

 opposed to Trochilinae, but this has not been generally accepted. 

 The sixteen or more species of Phaethornis, extending from South 

 I\Iexico to Bolivia and Brazil, are often termed " Hermits " from 

 their sombre tints of dull green, grey, and brown, or from their 

 habit of frequenting dark forest-recesses. The tail is cuneate 

 and the claws rather large. Eupetomeiia macrura of Brazil and 

 Guiana, termed the " Swallow-tail " from its forking rectrices, has 

 the two outer primaries in the male with curved and dilated 

 shafts ; the three outer feathers being similar in C'avipylopterus 

 and Sphenoproctus, which range through Central America, and in 

 the last case northern South America. The members of these 

 three genera are denominated " Sabre-wings." The above species 

 is green, with deep cobalt head and throat, and steel-blue tail. 

 Eugenes fulgens of South Arizona, Mexico, and Guatemala is 

 bronzy-green changing to black, the throat being lustrous green, 

 and the crown rich violet. The female has a brownish crown, 

 and greyish lower surface. E. spectabilis of Costa Eica is similar. 



