468 



PASSERIFORMES 



broad, while it is comparatively small in Ccdyptomena; Gorydon, 

 and to a less extent Eurylaemus and Sarcophanops, have a decided 

 terminal hook to the maxilla. The metatarsus is scutellated in 

 front and smooth behind (laminiplantar) ; the hallux is weak ; the 

 third and fourth toes are distinctly united, the claws are very short. 

 The moderate wings have ten primaries in Galyptoviena, eleven else- 

 where, Eurylaemus having the eleventh very small ; the secondaries 

 are nine or ten ; the tail of twelve rectrices is usually long and 

 rounded, but is graduated in Psarisomus, short and square in 

 Calyptomena. The adults have no aftershaft or down, the tongue 

 is sagittate, and Sarcophanops has naked orbits. The plumage 

 in Calyptomena viridis of the Indo- Malay countries is bright 



green, with a large black 

 post - auricular and a 

 yellow pre-ocular spot, 

 three black bars on the 

 wing-coverts, and black- 

 ish wing- and tail-quills. 

 Tlie duller female has 

 no black spots or bars. 

 The dense frontal 

 feathers project for- 

 ward over the beak. C. 

 ivhiteheadi of Borneo 

 has a black throat. 

 These somewhat in- 

 active birds inhabit 

 thin jungles, utter soft 

 whistles, and feed on 

 fruit; the rest of the 

 Family eat little but insects, though Cymborhynchus macro- 

 rhynchus, the Eain-bird of the Malays, enjoys berries. 



Eurylaemus javanicus is blackish, with yellow markings on 

 the back, tail, and wings ; the head, neck, and under parts being 

 vinous purple, with a black crescentic chest-band, which is absent 

 in the hen. Gorydon sumatranus is black, with a white alar bar 

 and a buffish-white throat and fore-neck. They cover much the 

 same area as Galyptomena. Gymhorhynchus shews black and 

 crimson colours, while the beautiful Psarisomus dalhousiae, found 

 from the Eastern Himalayas to Borneo, has a green back and under 



Fig. 98. — Broad-bill. Calyptomena viridis. x ^ 



