584 PASSERIFORMES 



tospiza,Lophospingus,and Tiaris have fine crests; Catamllyrhynchus 

 exhibits stiff crown-feathers. The feet are usually dull, but occa- 

 sionally pinkish, as in Emhernagra and Pycnorhamphus ; the bill 

 may be blackish, yellowish, dusky, or even red, as in Cardinalis 

 (except one form). Of British species, the Greenfinch {Ligurinus 

 chloris), the Goldfinch (Carduelis elegans), the Sparrow {^Passer 

 domesticus), the Chaffinch {Fringilla coelebs), the Brambling (F. 

 montifringilla), the Linnet (Linota cannabind), the Eedpoll 

 (Aegiothus rufescens), the Bullfinch (Fp-rhula europaea), the 



Fig. 143. — House- Sparrow. Passer domesticus. x f . {From English 

 Illustrated Magazine. ) 



Eeed- Bunting (^Emheriza schoeniclus), the Corn -Bunting (F. 

 miliaria), and the Yellow Hammer (F. citrinella) hardly need 

 description ; while several others occur more rarely in our islands 

 or breed with us in limited numbers, such as the Hawfinch 

 {Coccothraustes vulgaris), which is bay, black and white ; the 

 Siskin {Chrysomitris spinus) and the Serin {Serinus hortulanus), 

 which are chiefly greenish -yellow ; the Pine-Grosbeak (Fyrrhula 

 enucleator) and the Crossbill {Loxia curvirostra), which are 

 mainly red in the adult male, and respectively yellow and 

 greenish-orange in the female ; the Ortolan Bunting {Emberiza 

 hortulana), which is brown, green, and yellow ; and the Snow- 

 Bunting {Plectrophenax nivalis), with its black, chestnut, and 



