64 PSASIANlDiE. 



throat black. — Female : Chin and throat mostly white. Known also as " Hazel Grouse," or 

 "Gelinotte." Haunts hilly and wooded districts. From Scandinavia to Japan, and south- 

 wards to N. Spain, N. Italy, Transylvania, Altai Mountains, and N. China. Eight to twelve 

 eggs, pale buff, spotted brown. 



T. griseiventris. 6 14". 9 13". The Grey-bellied Hazel Hen. Breast sandy, with narrow 

 black bars. Chin black. Throat black, tipped rufous. Chest reddish, barred and tipped 

 grey. — Female : Chin white. Chest black, barred rufous, tipped grey. E. Russia. 



T. severtzovi. ISJ". Severtzov's Hazel Hen. Breast black, barred and tipped white. 

 Outer tail black, barred white. Chin and throat black. — Female: Chin and throat buff, tipped 

 black. N.E. Central Asia. (O.G. i. 26-77.) 



Family PHASIANID^. 

 Head often furnished with crests or nude skin, or lappets and wattles.' Tail of 

 8, 10, 14, 16, 18, 20, to 24 feathers, much developed. Nostrils never hidden by 

 feathers. Legs partially or wholly naked, and often armed with spurs. Toes 

 always naked and not pectinated. Hind toe raised. Frequent forests and thick 

 cover. Boost on trees. This family is here divided into five subfamilies, viz. 

 Turkeys, Guinea Fowls, Pheasants and Jungle-Fowl, Old "World Partridges and 

 Quails, and American Partridges and QuaUs. 



Subfamily MELEAGEiNyE. Wild Turkeys.* 



First primary about equal to the tenth. Fifth primary slightly the longest. Tarsus in 

 males armed With large, stout spurs. Frequent American woodlands, and feed on nuts, fruit, 

 seeds, and insects. Polygamous. 



Genus MELEA6RIS. Wild Turkeys. 



Head and neck naked and wattled, with a few hair-like feathers. An erectile fleshy process 

 on forehead. Tail broad, of eighteen feathers. Three species, viz. — 



M. gallopavo. S 43". 9 40". The Mexican Turkey. Plumage black. Long black, hair- 

 like feathers on breast. Upper tail-coverts and tail tipped white. Primaries equally barred 

 brown and white. Naked skin on head and neck pale crimson. — Female : Crown-band of 

 narrow feathers. No hair-like feathers on breast. Below fringed white. N. Mexico, Arizona, 

 New Mexico, and W. Texas. Roost on trees. Eggs (2-7 x 1-9) creamy white, dotted red-brown. 

 The origin of the domestic breed. Brought to Europe early in sixteenth century. 



M. ellioti, a subspecies differing from M. gallopavo in having feathers of rump, upper tail- 

 coverts, and tail tipped pale rufous-buff. E. Mexico and S. W. Texas. 



M. americana. The American Turkey differs from M. gallopavo in having feathers of lower 

 rump, flanks, upper and under tail-coverts, and tail tipped deep maroon. Eight to thirteen 

 eggs. Nest, a slight depression in ground, either at foot of tree or under a thick bush, lined 

 with dead leaves and grass. 



M. osceola. The Florida Turkey, a subspecies, differs from M. americana in having white 

 bands on quills very narrow and tips of tail-feathers pale chestnut. Usually in flocks of from 

 two to twenty. 



M. ocellata. S 33". 9 33". The Honduras Turkey. Mantle, chest, and flanks brass-green, 

 margined black and fringed green. Ocelli on tail greenish blue. Tail margined copper-red. 

 Naked. skin of head, neck, and fleshy process blue. — Female: Tarsi with small wart-like 

 knobs. C.America. Eggs (2-4 x 1-8). (O.G. ii. 103-111). 



Subfamily Numidin^. Guinea Fowls.* 



First primary shorter than tenth. Five genera, confined to Africa. 



Genus PHASIDUS. 



Head and neck naked, excepting band of feathers along the crown. Tail of fourteen feathers. 

 Fourth primary slightly the longest. Male with short, blunt spur. One species. 



P. nigra. 16 J". The Black Guinea Fowl. Naked skin of head and neck yellow or scarlet. 

 Crown band black. Plumage blackish, mottled dark brown. W. Africa. 



* Not represented in India. 



