121 



GRALLATORES. SHORE BIRDS. 

 Waders. 



The term Grallatobes (derived from grddlor, to take steps) is applied by 

 ornithologists to the Shore Birds, from their stalking, walking, or wading. Shore 

 Birds frequent edges of rivers, seas, lakes, and a few dry plains and deserts; they 

 feed on fish, reptiles, molluscs, insects, and a few on vegetable matter. In large 

 numbers there is a vernal moult, and plumage changes considerably, in many 

 becoming more or less black, in others rufous. 



Lower part of tibia bare. Tarsus elongated. Wings usually long. Tail 

 usually short. Bill straight or inclining. Outer toe usually joined to middle 

 one by short web, and to inner toe occasionally. In a few, toes are bordered by 

 loose web. All fly well, with legs out behind. 



Order GRALL^. 



Hind toe, when present, slightly raised. Legs generally long, and part of the 

 tibia bare. Schizognathous. Young hatched covered with down and able to run. 

 (Heliornis, helpless and nearly naked). Eggs double-spotted. 



/ Eallus 



HYPOT.aENIDIA 



Single notch on each side of posterior 

 margin of breast-bone. Hind toe / 

 present 



No notches on 

 breast-bone. 



posterior margin 

 Hind toe present 



of 



No hind toe. Two small notches on 

 each side of posterior margin of 

 breast-bone 



Crbx 



POEZANA 



Rallina 



Amaueoenis 



Galucbbx . 



Gallinula . 



poephyeio . 



FCLICA 



Mesites* . 

 V Heliopais . 



( Geus 

 Anthropoides 

 Abamid** . 

 eueypygid^* 

 Rhinochetid^* 

 psophiidj!* 



r Otis 



eupodotis . 



Hqubaea . 



Sypheotis . 



Rails. 



Ceakes. 

 Watee-Hens. 



Watee-Cocksv 



i mooehens. 



Coots. 



exnpoois. 

 [■ Ceanes. 



LiMPKINS, 



Sun Bitteens. 



Kagus. 



Tbumpeters. 



\ bustaeds. 

 Floeikins. 



Not represented in India, 



