182 GALLINAGO. 



G. andina. 7i" to 8J". Similar to G. frenata. From Peru. 



G. notiUs. 11 J". Of same group as G. delicata, but with larger feet and toes and a bill 

 3|" long. From N. of S. America. 



G. macrodactyla. 13". Of same group as 0, ccelestis and G. delicata. Bill 3A''. From 

 Madagascar and Mauritius. 



G. paraguayce, lOJ". Similar to G. delicata, but witli outer tail-feathers narrower and 

 having five distinct bars. Outer secondaries not exceeding the longest primary coverts in 

 length. From S. America. 



G. australis. llj". Similar to G. ccelestis, but with tail of eighteen feathers, the two 

 outer ones attenuated. Breeding in Japan, and wintering iu Australia and Tasmania. 



189. Gallinago solitaria. The Himalayan Solitary Snipb. 



Bharka, Mpal. 



^ 12" to 13"; 5 to 8 oz. $13";9oz. Legs green. BiU 2f", red-brown. 

 Pale buff stripe along scapular and inner edge of wing. Chin and throat white. 

 Breast olive, dashed white. Outer primary mottled. Outer margins of first three 

 primaries white. Abdomen, vent, and lower tail-coverts unbarred. Margins of 

 scapulars white. Tail of from sixteen to twenty-four feathers (eight central and 

 from four to eight laterals on each side). Median tail black, with rufous sub- 

 terminal band, then a black bar and whitish at the tip. Outer tail-feathers 

 irregularly cross-barred, with black at base and white towards tip. Calls as it 

 rises, a harsh imitation of the note of the common Snipe. From 9,000 to 15,000 

 feet throughout the Himalayas, from Afghanistan to Assam, Japan and N.E. Siberia, 

 wintering in the lower valleys and China. (J. 869. B. 1486. H. & M. iii. 333.) 



190. Gallinago nemoricola. The Wood-Snife. 



Ban-chaha, Nepal. 



$ Hi" to 12^"; 5 to 6 oz. 2 13"; 7 oz. Legs green. Bill 2f , red-brown. 

 Top of head and back black, marked rufous-grey. Breast ashy. Margins of 

 scapulars rufous. Outer margin of first three primaries nearly uniform with 

 rest of feathers. Abdomen, vent, and lower tail-coverts closely barred. Tail of 

 eighteen feathers (six central broad, the next two on each side intermediate, and 

 the outer four on each side very narrow). Silent as it rises. Home in the 

 Himalayas from Dalhousie to Sikkim, also Assam and Burma hUls. A winter 

 visitor to hills of S. India. Four eggs (1-7 x 1'25), green, spotted red. (J. 868. 

 B. 1483. H. & M. iii. 325.) 



Also with no rufous terminal tail-band. Abdomen and breast distinctly barred all over. Pale 

 median crown-band : — 



G. gigantea. 19". The largest of the Snipes. Bill 4i" to 5J". Primaries and secondaries 

 barred on both webs. Back with pale margins to scapulars and secondaries, imparting broadly 

 streaked appearance above. From Brazil and Paraguay. 



G. undulata. 14". Of the same group as G. gigantea. Bill 3f " to 4j". Apparently confined 

 to Guiana. 



Also vnth primaries of uniform colour: — 



G. stricklandi. 13J". Bill 3J". Black markings on upper surface in bars. Wing-coverts 

 thickly barred. Centre of breast and abdomen sandy, without bars. AxiUaries sandy. From 

 S. of S. America. 



G. jamesoni. 12". Bill Z\". Centre of breast barred. Below and axillaries dull white. 

 From N.W. of S. America. 



G. aucklandiea, 8J", bill 2J", black markings above as subterminal spots, from Auckland 

 Islands ; and the two subspecies— (?. huegeli, 9", from Snares Island ; and G. pusilla, 7i", 

 from Chatham Islands. 



G. imperialis. 11". Bill 3J". With entire upper surface barred rufous and black. Breast 

 and abdomen white, barred black. From Colombia. (B.M. Cat,, xxiv. 668-665.) 



