194 AEDEA. 



(i.) Tail of twelve feathers. 



(a.) Bare portion of tibio-tarsus equal to or longer than second toe and claw. 

 Edge of mandibles serrated. 



Plumage grey or white. 



Genus AKDEA. 



ArdM=a Heron, in Virgil, Georg. i. 364. Cognate with the classical Greek ipudi6s, of 

 which the supposed primitive form, pu5ti5s, occurs in Hipponaz (about 546 B.C.). Old Norse 

 arto— a TeaL 



Head crested, nape-feathers elongated and ornamented. Foreneck plumes long, 

 not disintegrated. Bill with groove from nostrils towards tip. Fourth toe 

 joined to third by web. Second, third, and fourth quills subequal and longest. 

 Tarsus long, scutellate in front. Tibia half naked. Six powder-down patches. 

 No dorsal train. Plumage grey or white. Nearly cosmopolitan. 



206. Ardea manillensis. The Eastbrn Purple Heron. 



Narl, India; Khyra, Behar; Lal-kank, Bengal; Pamula narigadu (Telugn) ; 

 Karawal-koka, Ceylon; Nga-hit, Burma. 



$ 38". Legs red-brown. Bill 6", yellow. Three narrow, black cheek-bands. 

 Crown and crest black. Fore throat and neck uniform rufous and not streaked. 

 Back, rump, wings, and tail slaty grey. Scapulars with long pointed rufous ends. 

 Breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts slaty black. Throughout the Oriental 

 region. Common in India, Ceylon, and Burma. Four or five eggs (2-17 x 1-56), 

 bluish green. (J. 924. B. 1554.) 



207. Ardea cinerea. The Common Heron. 

 C?7iereo= ash-coloured, from ci™s=ashes. 



Kabud, India; Anjan, Sada-kanka, Bengal; Saa, Bind; Khyra, Behar; Narraina 

 pachi (Telugu) ; Narrayan (Tamil); Induru-koka, Ceylon. 



$ 39". Legs brown. Bill 6", dark yellow, with tip of upper mandible brown. 

 Crown white, narrow crest of black. Head and neck white. Long grey scapulars. 

 Neck-feathers spotted black, form pectoral plume. Black patch of lengthened 

 plumes on each side of breast. The greater part of the Old World. Resident 

 in India. Abundant in Kashmir. Three eggs (2-27 x 1-66), bluish green. 

 (J. 923. B. 1555.) See illustration, p. 195, 



208. Ardea sumatrana. The Duset Grey Heron. 

 (J 50". Legs black. BUI 7J", black, lower mandible yellow. Crown and 

 crest grey. Occipital crest sometimes 9" long, pearly white. Breast, abdomen, 

 lower tail-coverts, wing-lining, axillaries, and lower back dirty ash. Broad bare 

 space above and below the eye dirty green. Above slaty. A sea-coast bird. 

 Aracan, S. Tenasserim, throughout Malaya to Australia. (B. 1556. S.F. vi. 469.) 



209. Ardea insignis. The Great White-bellied Heron. 



Anjan, Bengal; San barado, Sind, 



$ 40" to 46". Similar to A. sumatrana. Narrow crest as long as 8". Breast- 

 plumes and long scapulars silver-grey, with white shaft streaks and tips. Breast, 

 abdomen, under tail-coverts, axillaries, and wing-lining white. Nepal, Sikkim, 

 and Bhutan. (B. 1557.) 



