DUPETOR. 203 



Ceylon, Burma. Breeds in Sind. Three to five eggs (1-3 x 0-95), greenish white. 

 (J. 934. B. 1571.) 



Also A. podicipes. 12". Similar to A. minuta. With wing-ooverts orange, neck-frill red. 

 From Africa and Madagascar, and probably Aden. 



Also vrith greater coverts mostly or entirely chestnut : — 



A. exilis. 12"- Coverts entirely chestnut. In females back and scapulars chocolate. From 

 N. and C. America. 



A. neoxena. 11"- Coverts entirely chestnut. From E. Canada to Florida. 



A. erythromelas. 11". Similar to A. exilis, but primary coverts and secondary quills 

 barely tipped chestnut. In females back and scapulars chocolate. From S. America. 



A. pusilla. 10"- With no rufous tips to primary coverts or quills. From Australia and 

 New Zealand. 



224. Ardetta cinnamomea. The Chestnut Bittern. 



Lal-bagia, India ; Kuruttu-koku, Ceylon. 



$ 16". Legs greenish. Bill yellow. Crown and back cinnamon. Pectoral 

 gorget dark brown, with bufif edges. Wings and tail chestnut. — Young birds : 

 Feathers brown, with yellow edges. China as far as the Amur, but not Japan, 

 thence to Sind, the Philippines, and Celebes. Breeds in Bengal, Pegu, and 

 Ceylon. Five or six eggs (1-28 x 1-0), light blue. (B. 1572.) 



Also vnth back and scapulars mottled or streaked : — 



A. involucris. llj"- Crown ashy, with central line black. Primary quills black. From 

 S. America. 



Also the genus Zehrilus. With large crest and plumage waved. One species — Z. pumilus, 

 9J", above slaty black, with wavy buff cross lines, from S. America. 



Tihio-tarsus bare above heel. 



Culmen longer than tarsus and mid toe together. 



Genus DUPETOR. 



Bill longer than in Ardetta. Back of neck less conspicuously nude. Throat- 

 feathers spotted. 



225. Dupetor flavicoUis. The Black Bittern. 



Kala-bagia, India; Ay-Jan, Assam; Karu-Nari, Ceylon. 



(J 20" to 24". Legs pale brown. Bill 4", red-brown. — In summer : Crown 

 and upper parts, with wings and taU, dark ashy. Golden stripe on sides of neck. 

 Neck-feathers mixed white, brown, and black. — In winter the dark slaty colour 

 changes to black. From S. and C. China, through Burma, Malay Peninsula, 

 Sumatra, Java, the Philippines, and Celebes. Occurs in Sind, W. India, and 

 Ceylon. Common in E. Bengal, Assam, and Burma. Breeds in Sind and Pegu. 

 Four eggs (1-66 x 1-26), pale green. (J. 932. B. 1573.) 



Also D. gouldi. 24". With black spots down centre of throat. Abdomen brown. From 

 Australia. 



D. nesopldlus. 22". With black spots down centre of throat. Abdomen grey. From New 

 Britain. 



B. melas. 21". With black spots down centre of throat. Abdomen black. From the 

 Moluccas. 



