236 PHALACEOCORAX. 



Australia, and Atlantic coast of N. America. Four to seven eggs (2'5xl'6), 

 white (green when held up to the light). (J. 1005. B. 1526.) 



Aho F. Jilamentosus. 33"- General colour oil -green. White feathers bordering gular pouch 

 thickly mottled greenish black. Large patch of white on each flank. E. Siberia to S. China 

 and Japan. 



P. lucidm, 32". Foreneok and chest white. Flanks with scattered white plumes. Caps 

 Verd Island, Africa, Socotra, and islands off south coast of Africa. 



P. capensis. 24". Below black, glossed blue. No white flank-patch. S. Africa. 



P. gaimardi. 28". Below smoke-grey. Long white patch on each side of neck. Legs 

 red. Pacific coast of S. America. 



(ii.) Tail of twelve feathers. 

 No crest, 

 270. Fhalacrocorax fuscicoUis. The Indian Shag. 

 Pan-kowa, Jjirfia ; Niru-kahi, (Telugii) ; Nir-kakam, Ceylon. 



(J 24" to 27". Legs black. Bill brown, red below. Cheeks palo brown. 

 Scapulars and wing-coverts grey, bordered black. Bronze feathers as in P. 

 carbo. — In summer: White ear-tufts. Chin black. India, Ceylon, and Indo- 

 Burmese countries as far south as Tenasserim. Resident in India. Three to 

 five eggs (2'1 x 14), white (emerald-green when held up to light). (J. 1006. 

 B. 1527.) 



Also P. pencillalus. 30". Back, wing-coverts, and scapulars oil-green, margined dark 

 green. Feathers bordering naked throat white. Tuft of long white hair-like feothers behind 

 the ear. Pacific coast of N. America. 



P. neglectus. 28". Back, wing-coverts, and scapulars ash, margined brown ; no white 

 band bordering chin and throat. S. Africa. 



P. sulciroalris. 25". Head, neck, and below brownish black, with dull green gloss. 

 Australia and New Zealand, ranging to New Guinea, the Moluccas and Borneo. 



P. mgua. 30". Feathers of back, wing, and scapulars lanceolate. White band bordering 

 chin and throat. Atlantic and Pacific coasts of S. and C. America. 



P. memcanus. 28". A subspecies similar to P. vigua. Gulf of Mexico. 



P. carunculatus. 30". Below pure white. Legs red. Nasal caruncles well developed. 

 New Zealand. 



Also with legs and feet Hack : — 



P. varms. 28". Scapulars bronze-grey, margined black. Lower back dark green. New 

 Zealand. 



P. gouldi. 24". Scapulars bronze-green, narrowly margined steel-blue. Lower back dark 

 green. Australia, Tasmania, and Louisiade Archipelago. 



P. hypoleucua. 27". Similar to P. gouldi, but feathering on throat not continued on lower 

 mandible. W. Australia. 



Also with semi-erect crest on crown. 



P. graculus. 30". The Shag. Scapulars bronze-green, with narrow dark margins. Legs 

 black. No white in plumage. Said to dive to a depth of 120 feet. Three to five eggs 

 (26 X 1-5), white (emerald-green when held up to light). Coasts of Norway, from Norway to 

 Portugal, extending to British Isles and Iceland! 



P. desmaresti. A subspecies of P. graculus. Mediterranean, Black ond Caspian Seas. 



P. chalconotus. 28". Similar to P. graculus, but scapulars are edged pale green. Legs 

 orange. New Zealand. 



Also vnth single crest well developed. General colour helow white : — 



P. onslom. 26". Foreneck white. Nasal caruncles well developed, Dorsal patch white. 

 From Chatham Island. 



P. stewa/rti. 29", Similar to P. onslom, but no nasal caruncles, Stewart and South 

 Island, New Zealand. 



P. colensoi. 26". Similar to P. onslowi, but without caruncles and the white dorsal patch. 

 Auckland I. 



