20 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



eating the food the animal drops it out of its mouth as if to avoid the 

 pain of swallowing, and also evinces pain when pressure is applied on 

 the pharynx externally and tries to prevent such pressure being 

 applied. 



Causes. — Pharyngitis may be produced by a sudden cooling of the 

 surface of the body, as when cattle are exposed to a cold wind or a 

 cold rain; or by swallowing irritant substances. 



Treatment. — The throat should be syringed three times a day with 

 an ounce of the following solution : Nitrate of silver, 1-J drams, dis- 

 tilled water, 1 pint. Bland and soothing drinks, such as linseed tea 

 or oatmeal and water, should occasionally be offered. Diet should 

 consist of soft food, such as bran mashes with a little linseed meal 

 mixed in them. Dry hay and fodder should be avoided. Fresh 

 green grass or sound ensilage may be fed in small quantities. The 

 upper part of the throat and the space between the jaws should be 

 well rubbed once a day with the following liniment: Liquor ammonia 

 fortior, 4 ounces; oil of turpentine, 4 ounces; olive oil, 4 ounces; 

 mix. When evidence of blistering appears the application of the lin- 

 iment should be stopped and the skin anointed with vaseline. Under 

 the above treatment the inflammation of the throat will gradually 

 subside and the animal will be able to swallow as usual in five or six 

 days. We need hardly say that during its treatment the sick animal 

 should be kept in a comfortable stable. 



PAROTITIS. 



Inflammation of the parotid gland may arise from the inflammation 

 extending to it when an ox is affected with pharyngitis or laryngitis, 

 or the inflammation may commence in the salivary ducts and may 

 depend on some influence the nature of which is unknown. Parotitis 

 sometimes arises from a blow or contusion which is severe enough to 

 set up inflammation in the structure of the gland. Tuberculosis and 

 actinomycosis may infrequently be characterized by the lodgment of 

 their parasitic causes in the parotid glands, in which case parotitis 

 may be a symptom of either of these diseases. 



Symptoms. — There is an elongated painful swelling, beginning at 

 the base of the ear and passing downward along the posterior margin 

 of the lower jaw. The swelling is sometimes limited to one side and 

 when both sides are swollen it is generally larger on one side than on 

 the other. The secretion of saliva is increased, the appetite is poor 

 the neck is stiff, so that it is painful to raise the head, and food is 

 swallowed with difficulty. In many cases the swelling of those elands 

 when submitted to proper treatment, disappears in a comparatively 

 short time. In other cases, however, the gland remains enlarged 

 even after the animal recovers its appetite. In tuberculosis lym- 

 phatic glands beneath the parotid glands are sometimes enlarged thus 

 causing the appearance of enlarged parotid glands. 



