DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS. 



DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 



Plate IX: 



Fig. 1. Kidney of the ox. Taken from Handbueh des Vergleichenden Anat- 

 omie des Haus Saugethiere, vol. 7, 1890: A, renal artery carrying blood 

 into the kidney; V, renal vein carrying blood from the kidney back to the 

 heart; H, ureter, the tube carrying the urine from kidney to bladder. It 

 is formed by the union of a number of branches which begin as cups 

 (calices) , each inclosing the tip of a conical mass of tissue from which 

 the urine exudes. 1, Showing such papilla through the cup, or calyx, 

 surrounding it; 2, papillae with the cups inclosing them cut in half to 

 show their relation to each other. 



Fig. 2. The male genital organs of the ox. Taken from Leisering, Mueller & 

 Ellenberger, Handbueh des Verg. Anat. des Haus Saugethiere: 1, scrotum, 

 or the pouch containing the testicles; 2, tunica vaginalis, the serous mem- 

 brane enveloping the testicles; 3', right testicle, outer view; 3', left testi- 

 cle, inner view; 4, epididymis, or the beginning of the excretory canal of 

 the testicle; 4', globus major, or the head of the epididymis; 4", globus 

 minor, or the tail of the epididymis ; 5 , vas deferens , the duct through which 

 the seminal fluid reaches the ejaculatory ducts; 5', pelvic dilatation of the 

 vas deferens; 6, vesicula seminalis. The vesiculse seminales are two oval 

 pouches, which, in addition to their own secretions, receive the semen 

 conveyed by the seminal ducts and hold it in reserve until copulation; 7, 

 membranous or intrapelvic portion of the urethral canal covered by Wil- 

 son's muscle; 8, part of the prostate gland covered by Wilson's muscle; 

 9, Cowper's gland. This gland, like the prostate gland, secretes a fluid 

 which is thrown into the urethral canal in abundance immediately before 

 ejaculation; the expulsion of the semen is by this means facilitated; 10, 

 ejaculator seminis,or accelerator urinse muscle; 11, penis; 11', cut portion 

 of same; 12, cut suspensory ligaments of penis; 13, sheath, or prepuce 

 laid open; 14, retractor muscles of sheath; 15, cremaster muscle cut at 

 superior extremity; 16, duplicature of peritoneum; 17, ureters carrying 

 urine from the kidneys to the bladder. 

 Plate X: 



Fig. 1. In this figure the minute apparatus for the secretion, collection, and 

 discharge of the urine into the pelvis of the kidney (see preceding plate) 

 is shown. The course is as follows: The urine is secreted from the blood 

 vessels in the little round bodies called glomeruli (12), and by the minute 

 cells in the curved tubes (11, 9, 10, 8) , and passes through the convoluted 

 and straight tubes (7, 6) into the larger tube (1), and then out into the 

 pelvis, thence through the ureters into the bladder. The fluid and salts 

 dissolved in the urine are taken from the blood, and the minute blood 

 vessels are therefore very abundant in the kidneys, as is shown by the 

 branches and network on the left of the figure. The blood passes into tho 

 kidney in the artery (13) , then divides into branches which pass into the 

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