SURGICAL OPERATIONS. 



DESCRIPTION OP PLATES. 



Plate XXVI: 



Fig. 1. Reuff 's method of throwing, or casting, the ox. From Fleming's Oper- 

 ative Veterinary Surgery. 



Fig. 2. Miles' method of throwing, or casting, the ox. From Fleming's Oper- 

 ative Veterinary Snrgery. 

 Plate XXVII: 



Fig. 1 a front and fig. 1 b side view of a simple tracheotomy tube. After 

 Armatage, from Hill's Bovine Medicine and Surgery. This tube is inserted 

 in the trachea, or windpipe, in cases of threatened suffocation from obstruc- 

 tions in the upper portion of the air passage. 



Fig. 2 shows the tracheotomy tube applied and held in position by straps 

 around the neck. After Armatage, from Hill's Bovine Medicine and 

 Surgery. 



Fig. 3 represents an ordinary fleam with blades of different sizes. 



Fig. 4. Cow prepared for bleeding. A cord is tied firmly about the lower 

 portion of the neck, causing the jugular vein to become distended with 

 blood and swell out. 

 Plate XXVIII: 



Figs. 1 and 2. Seton needles. These may be either long or short, straight or 

 curved, according to the locality in which a seton is to be inserted. 



Fig. 3. Various forms of surgical needles. 



Fig. 4. Suture forceps or needle holder, for passing needles through thick and 

 dense tissues. 



Fig. 5. Knot properly tied. 



Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Various forms of sutures. Fig. 6, interrupted suture; 7, 

 quilled suture: 8, uninterrupted suture; 9, twisted suture, made by passing 

 suture pins through the parts to be held together and winding the thread 

 about them so as to represent the figure 8; 10, single-pin suture. 



Fig. 11. Appliance for ringing the bull, one-fourth natural size. 



Fig. 12. Nose clamp, with spring and keeper. 



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