346 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



within a week or ten days, the eye becomes clearer, and regains its 

 transparency, until it eventually is fully restored. In unfavorable 

 cases blood vessels form and are seen to traverse the affected part from 

 periphery to center, vision becomes entirely lost, and permanent 

 opacity (albugo or leucoma) remains. When it arises from constitu- 

 tional causes recurrence is frequent, leaving the corneal membrane 

 more cloudy after each attack, until the sight is permanently lost. 



Suppurative keratitis may be a sequel of diffuse keratitis'; more 

 commonly, however, it abruptly becomes manifest by a raised swelling 

 on or near the center of the cornea that very soon assumes a yellow, 

 ■ turbid color, while the periphery of the swelling fades into an opaque 

 ring. Suppurative keratitis is seldom noticed for the first day or two — 

 not until distinct pus formation has occurred. When it is the result 

 of diffuse keratitis, ulceration and the escape of the contained pus is 

 inevitable ; otherwise the pus may be absorbed. When the deeper 

 membranes covering the anterior chamber of the eye become involved, 

 the contents of this chamber may be evacuated and the sight perma- 

 nently lost. 



Treatment. — Place the animal in a darkened stable, give green or 

 sloppy food, and administer 4 ounces of Glauber's salts (sulphate of 

 soda) dissolved in a quart of water once a day. If the animal is 

 debilitated a tablespoonf ul of tonic powder should be mixed with the 

 feed three times a day. This may be composed of equal parts by 

 weight of powdered copperas (sulphate of iron), gentian, and ginger. 

 As an application for the eye nitrate of silver, 3 grains to the ounce 

 of soft water, with the addition of 1 grain sulphate of morphia, may 

 be used several times a day. If ulceration occurs, it is well to dust 

 powdered calomel into the eye twice daily, or to the eyelids apply a 

 salve of yellow oxide of mercury, 5 per cent in lanolin. Some of this 

 may go onto the cornea and beneath the lids. Apply twice daily. 

 (See " Ulcers of the cornea.") 



To remove opacity, after the inflammation has subsided, apply a 

 few drops of the following solution twice a day: Iodide of potassium, 

 15 grains; tincture sanguinaria, 20 drops; distilled water, 2 ounces; 

 mix. 



Sometimes keratitis exists in a herd as a transmissible disease, 

 spreading like infectious conjunctivitis. Calomel, applied to the eye, 

 is especially useful in such cases. 



ULCERS OF THE CORNEA. 



An ulcer comes from erosion or is the consequence of the bursting 

 of a small abscess, which may have formed beneath the delicate layer 

 of the conjunctiva, continued over the cornea; or, in the very sub- 

 stance of the cornea itself, after violent keratitis, or catarrhal con- 

 junctivitis. At other times the ulcer is produced by bruises, scratches, 

 and other direct injury of the cornea. 



