CHIROPTERA 



alike in form, crowded between canine and large premolar but 

 perfectly in the tooth-row, the first about the same size as the 

 upper incisors, the second with slightly more than half the 

 height and crown area of first, both with fully developed 

 cingulum and subterete, conical cusp. Large upper premolar 

 with crown area only a little less than that of first molar, the 

 main cusp large and with strongly trenchant posterior cutting 

 edge, its height about equal to that of largest molar cusps ; 

 anterior and posterior borders of crown slightly concave, inner 

 border narrowly rounded, usually with a distinct though small 

 cusp anteriorly, sometimes with another barely indicated pos- 

 teriorly ; a slight though evident concave crushing surface 

 between cingulum and inner base of main cusp. First and 

 second lower premolars essentially similar to the corresponding 

 upper teeth but slightly less reduced in size and with somewhat 

 higher cusps ; third lower premolar similar to first and second 

 but with rectangular crown nearly twice as large as that of second 

 tooth, and main cusp as high as protoconid of first molar ; a 

 small cingulum cusp usually present at antero-internal angle. 

 Upper molars rather large relatively to size of skull, the crown 

 area of second tooth slightly greater than that of first ; anterior 

 and posterior borders slightly concave, inner border narrowly 

 rounded, especially in m 2 , the antero-internal and postero-internal 

 outlines often flattened or even a little concave ; protocone large, 

 its base occupying entire inner border of tooth, its cusp a little 

 in front of middle, its anterior commissure simple, extending 

 uninterruptedly outward to parastyle, its posterior commissure 

 terminating in a thickened rib-like rudiment of a hypocone, 

 between the outer base of which and inner base of metacone lies 

 a deep furrow ; metacone larger than paracone ; styles and outer 

 commissures well developed ; third upper molar with crown area 

 equal to about three-quarters that of m l , the protocone as in the 

 other teeth but smaller, paracone larger than metacone, the first 

 outer commissure longer than in m 1 and m 2 , the second and third 

 about as in the other teeth but set at a different angle, the fourth, 

 together with metastyle absent. First and second lower molars 

 with second V slightly larger than first in cross section, this 

 condition reversed in m 3 ; protoconid decidedly higher than 

 hypoconid in all three teeth ; inner cusps of about equal height 

 throughout (slightly more than half as high as protoconid) ; a 

 distinct cingulum cusp behind entoconid. 



Measurements. — Adult female from Skane, Sweden : tibia, 

 1 5 ; foot, 7 ' 6 ; forearm, 32 ; thumb, 6 • 2 ; third finger, 49 ; fifth 

 finger, 38; ear from meatus, 12; width of ear, 8. Adult male from 

 Madrano, Tyrol : head and body, 38; tail, 38; tibia, 16 ; foot, 

 8 ; forearm, 35 ; thumb, 6 • 2 ; third finger, 56 ; fifth finger, 47 ; 

 ear from meatus, 13 ; width of ear, 9. Adult female from the 

 Carpathian Mountains : head and body, 44 ; tail, 40; tibia, 15' 4; 

 foot, 8 ; forearm, 34 ; thumb, 7 ; third finger, 54 ; fifth finger, 



