981 



1852. Tarandus furcifer Baird, Hep. Comm. Patents, 1851, n, Agrio.,p. 109' 



(Renaming of tarandus). 

 1902. [Bangifer tarcmdus] var. cylindricornis Camerano, Mem. Reale Accad. 



Sci. Torino, 2nd ser., li, p. 167 (Renaming of true tarcmdus). 

 1910. Bangifer tarandus Trouessart, Faune Mamm. d'Europe, p. 231. 



Type locality. — Alpine region of Swedish Lapland. 



Geographical distribution. — Formerly the entire alpine region 

 of the Scandinavian Peninsula ; now confined in the wild state 

 to two widely separated districts in Norway ; west Finmarken in 

 the north, and the main high mountain 

 region in the south. Extensively domes- 

 ticated throughout Scandinavian Lapland. 



Diagnosis. — Size rather large (height 

 of adult male at shoulder about 1150 mm. ; 

 upper length of skull 270-290 mm.); 

 skull with nasal bones broad and little 

 arched ; teeth relatively large (upper tooth- 

 row 94-98 ; lower tooth-row 101-104 mm.) ; 

 general colour a greyish or drab brown 

 above, buffy whitish beneath and on 

 muzzle ; a darker longitudinal area on 

 side of body ; tail buffy white with dark 

 median line. 



Measurements. — Adult male from Heimdalen, Norway : head 

 and body, 2000±, tail, 150 ; hind foot, 450± ; ear, 100±. For 

 cranial measurements see Table, p. 984. 



Specimens examined. — Nine, from the following localities : — 

 Norway : Heimdalen, Norway, 1 (U.S.N.M.), wild ; no exact locality, 

 1 (U.S.N.M.), tame ; B.M. specimens as enumerated below. 



Remarks. — The material examined is too limited to form the 

 basis of any discussion of the various forms of wild and tame 

 reindeer. 



Fig. 211. 

 Hangifer tarandus. 



ciaiform teeth. 



In- 

 Nat. size. 



6 St. 

 (J & 9 antlers. 



<5st. 

 & skeleton. 



9 st. 



& skeleton. 



9. 



LoerdalMts.,Sogne Sir W. J. Ingram 87.9.20.1. 



Fjord, Norway. 

 Loerdal Mts. 



Fillefjeld, Norway. 



Fillefjeld, Norway. 



Norway. 

 9 (ad. & yg.). Norway. 



(c & p). 

 Sir W. J. Ingram 87. 9. 20. 2-3. 



(c & p). 

 Chas. Ingram (c & p). 79. 10. 9. 1. 



Sir W. J. Ingram 81. 9. 28. 2. 



(c & p). 



Chas. Ingram (c & p). 75. 10. 30. 1. 



J. 0. Ingram (c & p). 83. 7. 28. 1-2. 



RANGIFER FENNICUS Lonnberg. 



1909. Bangifer tarandus fennicus Lonnberg, Arkiv for Zoologi, vi, No. 4, 

 p. 10, July 14, 1909. 



Type locality. — Torne, Lappmark (" thus probably in Enon- 

 tekis," fide Lonnberg), Finnland. 



