FROM THE EAST. 523 
76. CHARADRIUS FLUVIATILIS. Little Ringed Plover. 
Very common at Lake Birket-el-Karfin and the well- 
watered districts near the Suez Canal; generally in large 
flocks, but also solitary. 
77, CHARADRIUS HIATICULA. Ringed Plover. 
Found in considerable numbers at pools, in suitable situa- 
tions on the Nile, both in Upper and Lower Egypt, and on 
the great lagoons. 
78. CHARADRIUS CANTIANUS. Kentish Plover. 
Only seen at the Red Sea, where it was pretty common. 
79, CURSORIUS GALLICUS. Cream-coloured Courser. 
Only once found in the desert on the shore of the Red 
Sea. 
80. Hyas aeyptiaca. Black-headed Plover. 
Of regular but not quite common occurrence on the banks 
of the Nile in Upper Egypt. We saw only paired couples, 
which chiefly frequented the sandbanks and the crumbling 
sides of the river. 
81. STREPSILAS INTERPRES. Turnstone. 
Only seen at Lake Menzaleh, but there in large flocks, 
often composed of various species of Sandpipers. In the 
evening these birds kept uttering their incessant cries while 
hovering round the numerous islands, which are surrounded 
by sandy shores and covered with low bushes. 
82. GALLINAGO GALLINARIA. Common Snipe. 
In all suitable swamps on the marshy shores, and often 
even the sandy banks of the river, both in Upper and Lower 
Egypt. On an ancient treestone reservoir in the ruins of 
