IN TRANSYLVANIA. 565 
it to be (in the Carpathians the Bobak of the Ural also 
replaces the Marmot of the Alps), it appears that the cocks 
very rarely sit on trees during the breeding-season, but that 
several generally meet together on the ground or, by prefer- 
ence, on small patches of snow, and there pour forth their 
love-songs. This is why the shooting of Capercaillies in 
Transylvania is not managed in the Bohemian or Styrian 
fashion by what is known as “springing,” but usually by 
means of a screen of branches such as are placed near the 
drumming-places of the Blackcock. 
On the very highest parts of the mountains there also seems 
to be a small grey game-bird well known to all the Transyl- 
vanian sportsmen, and said to be a Common Partridge. TIonce 
saw one, but it vanished so quickly among the creeping 
pines that I cannot with certainty say what it was; from the 
glimpse that I caught of it, however, I took the doubtful bird 
to be the Rock-Partridge (Caccabis sawatilis)*. On the 
margin of the Zenoga lake, which is far above the limit of 
the tree-growth, Ialso saw one morning a Common Snipe 
(Gallinago gallinaria) among the bare stones: this poor 
creature must have been storm-driven into these inhospitable 
regions. 
I everywhere found the Raven (Corvus coraz) at the 
loftiest elevations, and also saw a Saker Falcon (Falco lania- 
rius), for, knowing the species as I do, I could give no other 
name to the bird which flew close past me, although this 
would be the first time that it has ever been found in the high 
mountains and at an elevation that was even above the tree- 
growth. Possibly, however, it was only a Lanner (Falco 
feldeggit) ; at any rate, it was one of the true Falcons. 
There were astonishing numbers of “Stein” Eagles, the 
birds of the year, which at this season hardly ever fly about 
* [The Common Partridge (Perdix cinerea) is certainly not uncommon 
in those localities ; but no red-legged species has been hitherto obtained.] 
