24 
ber and October, for all trees except manna gum; the period for 
this variety being extended from September to March. Sheaoak 
may be treated at any time. 
YorkK DIsvrict. 
Varieties of Treés-—York gum, white guni, salmon gum, jam, 
blue bush, native cassia, manna gum, morrell gum, flooded gum, 
sheaoak. 
Method and time of destruction—-The Beverley branch advises 
ring-barking all the eucalypti, while the York branch advocates 
sapping without any reservation. The Greenhills Progress Asso- 
elation advises that old York gum trees should be sap-ringed, and 
that young ones should be ring-barked; that white gum, salmon 
gum, cassia, and jam should be sap-ringed, and that the blue bush 
should be cut down. It will thus be seen there is a preponderance 
of opinion in favour of sap-ringine. 
From January to April is the opinion of the York and Bever- 
ley branches for ring-barking or sapping all trees, while the Green- 
hills Association advises November to April for ring-barking York 
gum, and May to October for sapping this tree. November to May 
is the period advised for destroying white gum and cassia, and 
“any month” for the remaining trees. 
Mr. W. Padbury filled in a return embracing his experience 
in the Eastern Districts, the Victoria Plains, and at Yatheroo. His 
remarks may be inserted here. He says:—“I would not cut through 
the sap of trees on land I wanted to cultivate; as when the tree 
is dead and the tree-puller is put on to it, if it has been eut 
through the sap, it is liable to break off and leave the stump in the 
ground. I prefer using the tree-puller in clearing, to the ordinary 
erubbing, as it pulls more roots clean out, and in ploughing after- 
wards you do not find so many obstructions. For red gums, white 
gums, salmon gums, and York gums, I find sapping the best, and 
the time I do it is as soon as the bark will run after the first 
winter rains until the sap goes down again. With flooded gums I 
find you must eut through the sap, as they will not die otherwise. 
My experience is that trees that have been sap-ringed do not 
generally throw out so many. suckers. Some trees takes two or 
three years to die, according to the nature of the tree and the land 
on which it grows. I think when the sap is well up, say Septem- 
ber, October, and November, is the best time for ring-barking, as 
the tree dies more quickly if the work is done at this time.” 
Effect of the destruction of the trees upon the water supply and 
growth of native grasses —There is an unanimous opinion expressed 
that a most marked increase takes place in both the water supply 
and the number and vitality of the native grasses that spring up 
after the trees have been dstroyed. 
