57 
1°. Square planting seems the simplest plan of laying out an 
orchard, but it will be seen that the others are just as easy. 
The base line having been traced, which can be done by measur- 
ing the width of a proposed roadway or headland from, say, a line 
of fence to the first row of trees or vines to be planted, pegs are set 
in the ground, so that he two lines: fence, and row of trees are 
parallel. A roadway of 20 feet at least is necessary to allow the 
horses and implements to turn at the beadland. On this line, as 
a base line, a right angle corner is traced thus:—First, along the 
base line of the given piece of ground to plant, measure with the 
tape three intervals of, say, 10 feet each, putting pegs at each dis- 
tance. Secure a flexible line, such as picture wire, marked off into 
nine or more 10-feet intervals by means of string or strips of calico; 
set one end of that line at the corner peg A, where the first vine or 
tree is going to be planted, then stretch it as correctly as guesswork 
will permit in a direction perpendicular, or at right angle to the 
base line, and at the fifth mark which shows the fourth interval drive 
down a peg; round this peg turn your wire, and bring it to the 
peg B, driven at the third interval along the base line. If the mark 
along the measuring line meets the peg B along the base line A, E, 
then the angle B, A, C is a right angle; if it does not, shift peg C 
-222+-0------90 
=-----0--+=--0 
@ oe 
Base Line s—> 
* Fence 
Setting off diagonal planting. 
