82 
a triangle as shown in the figure, and are tied into a double knot. 
The loose end of one of the chains is then coiled round the knot to 
keep out of ihe way, while the loose end of the other chain is hooked 
on singly to the implement. 
DISTANCE TRAVELLED IN PLOUGHING. 
An observer who has given some attention to this subject con- 
tributes the following interesting notes The first column of figures 
gives the width of the furrow in inches, and the second column the 
distance travelled in ploughing one acre in miles:— 
Furrow Width. Length. 
Inches. Miles. 
ae a .. 14% 
uo set et ky aes, SES 
9 .. oe ie - se Ta 
Te we ea’ es BS 
TY se a os As ih 9 
TD.) Sass ie hs oe .. §©814 
Be ccs a “2 ro .. Th 
14... ae ec oo 28 7 
TD: ses wes se oe en 614 
iis, 4 Kis eg 
TE ks ‘bs me 6 .. 54 
US) jane 58 Fer a8 So 5% 
LS ae a ae sr = 54 
20° xe ain a was .. 48/10 
These figures are thus checked. An acre is 10 square chains, 
so that a piece of land five chains long and two chains wide will be 
exactly one acre. If this land is ploughed lengthwise every furrow 
will be five chains long. If we take the width of the furrow as 
one link, which is 7.92 inches, it will require 200 furrows to complete 
the strip, so that the horses, in addition to turning round at the 
headlands, will have to travel 1,000 chains, and as there are 80 
chains in a mile the distance will be 1214 miles. If we take a field 
of 80 chains long and 30 chains wide—that is, an area of 240 acres, 
and if it be ploughed lengthwise, each furrow will be exactly a mile 
long. Supposing a man were ploughing this with a three-furrow 
plongh, cutting approximately 24in., this would be equivalent to a 
fraction over three links. In the 30 chains there are 3,000 links, so 
that it would require 500 trips up and 500 trips down to turn over 
the whole of the ground. This would be equivalent to 1,000 miles 
which the team would have to travel in ploughing the field. Sup- 
posing a plonghman averaged three acres a day it would take him 
80 days to do the 240 acres; and if we divide the 1,000 miles by 80 
days, we would again get the figures of 1214 miles per day. 
