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Of all the varieties tried the Riparia family, or ‘plain vines,” the 
Rupestris family, or “rock vines,” and the Berlandieri family have 
supplied the stocks required for vines grown on moist alluvial soils, 
or hilly and rocky localities, or on limestone country. All members 
of these families, again, have not to the same extent proved equally 
satisfactory, and a few select ones only have been found to present 
the conditions of a stock suitable for grafting vines on. Some of 
the most notable members of these families the Department of Agri- 
culture has introduced into this State, where they are now being 
propagated. Every precaution, it is needless to say, has been taken 
against the introduction, at the same time, of the phylloxera pest, 
or of the other disastrous blights and rots which prey on the grape- 
vine in Europe and America. The varieties introduced, and which 
are the most suitable for grafting vines to, are:—Riparia Glory cf 
Montpellier (Syn. Portalis), Riparia Giant Glabre, Rupestris 
Monticola, or St. George, Rupestris Martin, The character of these 
varieties will be described in a subsequent chapter. Apart from these 
resistant stocks, other partly resistant, sturdy American vines, such 
as the Labrusca family, have the greatest affinity to European 
vines, and readily unite. Some of these varieties, such as the 
Isabella, Concord, are well known to most growers. 
Ways OF GRAFTING. 
A number of ways have been devised for uniting together two 
subjects, a stock and a scion, with the view of building up a com- 
plete plant. 
Inarching 
consists in bringing together two plants growing alongside one 
another. This is effected by inlaying a piece, cut slanting, of a 
stem or branch of one plant into a stem or branch of another plant, 
tying them fast together. 
Whip Grafting. 
The method is thus described and illustrated by B. M. Lelong, 
of the State Board of Horticulture of California :— 
This is one of the most simple of the divers methods of graft- 
ing young stocks, and is operated either in the field or indoors— 
on the bench. In grafting seedling stocks (one or two years) in 
the field, the stems of the stocks are eut off at the collar. The 
stems are cut by simply drawing the knife upwards, making a 
smooth, even, sloping cut an inch cr so long; then, reversing the 
knife, about a quarter of an inch from the centre of this cut 
(towards the end) a slit or tongue is made downwards. The slit (f) 
in the stock should be made as near the top as possible, as, if made 
lower down, it would interrupt the flow of sap. The extremity of 
the scion must not protrude below (d) on the stock. The slanting 
cut is best made just above a bud if possible, this acts as a pre- 
