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On the floor of the propagating house or shed sand is spread out 
from six inches to a foot deep, then the grafts are put in it, stand- 
ing thickly, and covered with sand. The entire graft, to within an 
inch or two of the top, may be covered without injury to it. They 
should, however, not be kept too wet, as the bark of the grafts is 
liable to decay; and, again, they must not be allowed to get dry, 
as the bark of the graft will shrivel, and adhesion is avoided. Dur- 
ing the time they are thus stored away the parts united (scion and 
stock) knit or callus over, and shortly after planting begin to grow. 
1. The root showing sloping cut at A, and the tongue at B. 
2. The scion showing sloping cut at A, and the tongue at B. 
3. The union of scion and stock ready for waxing. 
CLEFT GRAFTING. 
This method is mostly practised on stocks too large to be whip 
grafted, although it is also operated on young trees successfully. 
It is also the method followed for field grafting grape vines. The 
operation should be undertaken just before active growth takes 
place and before the vine begins to bleed freely, or some time after, 
when. the shoots of the stock plant are 3in. to 4in. long. At that 
time the callusing gum is less likely to be washed off by the running 
sap, which in the first instance has not started to run, and in the 
second has to a great extent been used up by the now growing 
shoots. 
On the Swan the middle of September or even the beginning of 
October give satisfactory results. A good day’s work, when the work 
is well done, is 200 to 250 vines, 
