105 
; The stock is frst prepared by being eut squarely off, as shown 
in Fig. 2. at g; a sloping cut is then made in the stock at f, and 
the top shaved smoothly at g, so that the point of union between 
the bark and the wood may be plainly seen. The blade of the knife 
is then driven into the stock, as shown in Fig. 1, to split it as 
represented. It is always best to prevent the stock from splitting 
or cracking clear through. This is avoided by using the knife pro- 
perly. The point of the knife is driven in, as shown in Fig. 1, at C, 
and the blade is driven in at B, and instead of forcing the knife 
down farther to produce the split, it is drawn upwards and towards 
you, and a perfect cut without cracking through is made, as shown 
in Fig. 2, at h. The scion (Fig. 2, 1) is cut precisely in the form 
of a wedge, with the part eut for insertion about an inch or an inch 
and a-half long. It should always have a bud at the shoulder where 
it is to rest on the stock, and the outer edge thicker than the inner, 
and inserted so that the point of union between the bark and wood 
on both the stock and scion will exactly coincide, as shown in Fig. 2, 
at":C.* 
5 
' 
1. A. The knife as used in splitting. B. The point of the split. C. Length 
of split; the position (shown at B and C) shows how cracking of the stocks 
i voided. 2 
ia ay A, The scion, showing how it is prepared—wedge-shaped—with a 
sloping cut. B. The stock prepared to receive the graft. f. The sloping cut. 
g. The horizontal cut. h. The split. C. The scion inserted in the stock, show- 
ing the close fit of both, and ready for waxing. 
* This method of grafting will be found useful for changing varieties of 
vines and grafting stumps of vines already growing.—-A.D. 
