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Raspberries and blackberries are either trained upright or with- 
out supports, by cutting hard back, or, better still, by trellising 
over stakes. laths, or wires. On large plantations the pruning is 
done more economically—more especially in the ease of the black- 
berry—and consists, besides removing the worn-out canes in the 
autumn, in slashing the laterals on each side of the hedge in the 
summer, to allow cultivation, and tying the buuches together or to 
the trellis. 
PRUNING GOOSEBERRY AND CURRANTS. 
These deciduous shrubs do best in the cooler South-West corner 
of this State. They are struck from cuttings planted in rows 6ft. 
x 4ft. 
Both receive pretty well the same treatment. .\t plant- 
ing, short jointed young shoots are cut about 14 to 18 inches long. 
It is advisable to blind with the knife or the blade of the secateur 
all the buds which will be underground, or else the plants will be 
continually throwing up suckers. The accompanying illustration 
shows a bush with four branches, and a sucker springing from 
the base, which, unless carefully suppressed, will 
spoil its shape. The branches should be well raised 
above the ground, say, 12 inches. By this means 
the fruit is kept clean, and sun and air having 
full access to the branches, favour its fruitfulness. 
To ensure this, the branches are cut half back, 
with the result that there are at least double the 
Gooseberry bush a year from the cutting. 
(J. WRIGHT.) 
number the next season, as shown by the dotted 
lines. When the time for the second pruning comes 
these canes are cut back to about 16 to 10 inches in 
length to good buds pointing upwards or outwards, 
so as to keep the bush well above the ground. All 
Gooseberry young growths from the ane of the bush should 
cutting. 
(J. waieHt.) be taken out, 
