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affected by frost and fungoid diseases. Pruned long or even short. 
Yields well and produces a wine somewhat harsh when new, well 
coloured and of good keeping. 
Touriga—Grown at Mt. Athos, Rutherglen, Victoria, and in- 
troduced hy Ar. F. de Castella, is thus reported by Mr. d’Arbley 
Burney, Messrs. Burgoyne Bros.’ representative:—‘Carries a good 
erop, larger than that carried upon Grenache. Bunches solid and 
well filled; shows no signs of shrivelling from the heat. Ripens 
after Shiraz, and standing dry weather better. Resists drought well. 
Quality of wine shows great promise. A variety recommended for 
extensive culture.” é 
Touriga, if left in prolonged contact with the skins, would pro- 
duce a wine of very deep colour. Has a distinctive colour, with a 
flavour suggesting “vintage port.” Grenache treated under identical 
conditions is a far more neutral wine. 
SEMILLON (syn. White Ivanhoe in Victoria)—The most largely 
cultivated Sauterne grape. Regarded as one of the most valuable 
French white wine sort. 
Roussanne (syn. White Burgundy in Australia).—On the 
Rhone it is blended with Marsanne for Chablis; vine very vigorous. 
Pruned short. Leaves large, lobed, somewhat downy. Bunches med- 
ium size, cylindrical, shouldered. Berries medium size, somewhat 
close, globular, golden-yellow when ripe. (2nd _ period.) 
VERDELHO (syn. Gouveio, Madeira in Australia)—An oval- 
shaped white grape, which makes an excellent white sweet wine of 
the Madeira type. Season: mid-season. Merits: produces a high- 
class wine, but the plant is very subject to oidium. Vine: growth 
moderately vigorous; shoots slender, rather close-jointed, of a 
reddish colour with dark streaks; leaves medium, almost entire, 
upper side dark-green, smooth, and rather shiny, under surface 
slightly downy; teeth even, short and blunt. Fruit: bunches 
medium to small, long in shape and conical; berries small to 
medium, not very closely set in the bunch, oval, sometimes without 
seeds; skin thin, yellow-green, does not burst readily in wet weather. 
Cultural Notes—Prune long. Vine very subject to oidium, and 
for that reason should not be planted in a moist district. Another 
good variety is the— 
SERCIAL grape; a round, white berry, which makes a high-class 
Madeira wine. 
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT VINES. 
These vines, which grow wild in America, offered until recent 
years but a casual botanical interest. The unintentional introduc- 
tion of the Phylloxera insect from the New World some fifty years 
ago soon caused, wherever introduced, the death of all varieties of 
European vines or Vitis Vinifera. 
