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When packing naval oranges the eye should face downwards 
in the first tier, and upwards in the second. This class of fruit - 
is generally packed from the open side of the ease; smaller sizes, 
however, are often packed from the top of the case. 
Oranges—Side pack 
Lemons, after sweating, are also packed like oranges on the 
3-2 or, if packed from the open side, the 4-3 principle, with rows 
of 3 or of 4 fruit. 
Mandarins are packed in flat cases from the open side; like 
oranges and lemons they need to be packed tighter than apples. 
If they take three tiers, the first is set with eyes downwards, the 
third with eyes upward, and the centre on the cheek. 
Packing Pears. 
For local market pears are packed like apples in bushel cases 
according to the 2-1, 2-2, or 3-2 method. Good carrying sorts like 
Kieffer Hybrid may also be thus packed. 
In packing, the eye or calyx is turned towards the packer, 
except when the end of the tier or layer is reached, when the calyx 
of the two or three pears ending the tier instead of being turned 
towards the packer are turned away from him and face the end 
of the case; this helps to tighten up the layer. 
