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have been in it has settled into the bilge of the cask. Remove the 
wooden shive by hitting the top stave, in which the bunghole is 
bored, on each side, alternately. This will start the shive, which 
will then be easily removed. Better still, bore a hole in the middle 
of the shive, closing the bunghole, insert some kind of iron or steel 
Cork-driver. Hand-corking Tube. 
lever—a chisel will do—and prise up what is left of the shive. In 
doing so the circular bunghole must not be damaged by the chisel, 
as this will make it difficult to bung it down again when used another 
time. 
The clean bottles having all been arranged around the cask, the 
operator, after having run water in the india-rubber tubing to 
cleanse it, places one piece into the cask through the bunghole, as 
shown in the illustration, until he feels that the syphon touches the 
bottom of the cask. He then stands alongside the cask, holds the 
tube between the thumb and the forefinger, about the same height 
as the top of the cask, sucks only once, and promptly lowers his end 
of the tube. If the suction has been properly applied no wine will 
be spilled, and it will run out at once. Half a glassful is collected, 
and if not clear and bright it is run into a jug until the clear wine 
comes out. 
The thumb and forefinger compress the end of the tube, which 
is now placed just inside the neck of the bottle; the pressure is 
relaxed, and when the wine rises to the middle of the neck of the 
bottle the rubber tube is pressed again, another bottle is filled, and 
so on until all the bottles are filled. 
Six bottles will be necessary Tor every gallon of wine in the 
cask. If the syphoning has been well done there will not be more 
