547 
handled, it has no injurious effect on the stock. The fumigating 
chambers may be made of any convenient size or material, the 
essential point being that it shall be capable of being closed abso- 
lutely air tight, and provided with a flue-pipe in the roof, which 
can be opened or closed to allow of the escape of the gas after 
fumigation. The flue should be provided with a box containing 
caustic potash or soda to destroy the gas. The door of the chamber 
is provided with a shutter or sliding panel at the lower portion. 
The trees having been placed on the floor of the fumigatorium, 
the cyanide of potassium, water, and sulphuric acid are brought 
together as explained above. At the end of an hour the shutters 
in the flue and in the'door are opened, and the draught produced 
causes the gas to escape. After 10 to 15 minutes the door may be 
opened, but no one should be allowed into the chamber for another 
space of 10 minutes. 
With ordinary care, no accident need be apprehended, 
FUMIGATING GRANARIES, 
The same method of ridding granaries, flour mills, and barns 
of weevils, moths, and other troublesome insect pests, without re- 
moving the grain stored in the buildings, can be carried out wher- 
ever the building can be made gas-tight. If the fumigation is 
done under the conditions already detailed, the seeds will retain 
their vitality almost unimpaired, if dry when subjected to the 
fumes. 
FUNGUS DISEASES. 
APPLES, PEARS, AND QUINCES. 
Brrrer Pir.—Apples apparently sound soon develop, on keep- 
ing, unsightly spots, which make them unmarketable. This is, next 
to black spot or apple scab, the worst 
fungus disease of the apple. 
The disease shows sunken brown 
spots, as if the fruit had been trodden on 
with nailed boots. When the apple is 
cut there are, below the spots, pieces ofe 
brown spongy tissue, bitterish to the 
taste, sometimes extending to the core. 
Dr. Cobb, D. McAlpine, Masset, the 
mycologist at the Royal Gardens, Kew, 
and other vegetable pathologists, have 
seen no evidence that would prove the Bitter Pit. 
disease to be caused by afungus. Some 
authorities say it is probably caused by a micrococcus, but the 
disease is not contagious. There is no effective remedy, except to 
avoid soils liable to this disease in localities where it is trouble- 
some. Nurserymen should be very careful against using scions 
from diseased trees. Cleopatra, Rymer, Esopus, Spitzenberg, and 
