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Remedies.—Remove the cause of canker. If the bark is never 
wounded, canker will never appear. Prune the diseased branches 
and burn the cankered parts. Lime, sulphur, and salt wash. 
Canker can also be cured by paring off the bruised, ulcerated 
wounds, and then covering the diseased parts with a paste made of 
clay mixed with hydrochloric acid. Painting the affected part with 
the acid used by tinsmiths under the name of “spirits of salts” 
is also a simple and efficaceous remedy, the acid destroying the 
fungus of the canker without damaging the tree. Handle the acid 
carefully, as, if splashed on the clothes, it will burn holes in them. 
Moss on Licnens.—Any of the winter sprays will clean 
affected stems and branches. 
Movipy Corr.—A diseased condition brought about by the 
presence of common mould in the core of certain varieties of apples, 
generally by the fungus of brown rot, the infection starting from 
the centre instead of from the circumference. Outwardly such 
apples appear quite sound, but on cutting them in halves the core 
is found to be in a mouldy or half-rotten state. Sooner or later the 
whole apple becomes rotten, the rot working from the centre out- 
ward. The mould gains entrance to the core of the apple through 
the eye; those varieties with an open blossom end being more 
subject to the disease. Those varieties of apples with large open 
pip-holes (concludes Dr. Cobb) are not likely to prove good keepers. 
CRINKLE, OR Pia Face.—An obscure disease of the apple. 
Mr. McAlpine says of this disease :—‘“‘ Besides the recognised Bitter 
Pit, which causes small brown depressions on the surface, another 
appearance was noticed, particularly in Rome Beauty and Five 
Crown Pippin. The skin is apparently quite sound, but a little 
darker towards the eye end, and, if cut across, brown, dead tissue 
is found immediately beneath the skin, or between the skin and the 
core. There may be actual cavities in the decaying flesh ; and the 
diseased patches do not taste bitter. Although many varieties not 
subject to Bitter Pit, exhibit the Crinkle disease, it is probably 
likewise due to disordered nutrition. The upper end of the apple 
ripens first, and if, from any cause, a proper supply of nourishment 
fails to reach it, there would be decay, and ultimate death of the 
cells. I have given the common name of “Crinkle’’ to this dis- 
order, because the upper surface of the fruit is thrown into rough 
folds, giving it usually, an uneven and crinkled appearance.” 
Treatment of the soil reduces the trouble as is the case with 
Bitter Pit ; applications of lime, especially in the form of Thomas’ 
Phosphate or of gas lime has proved satisfactory, particularly with 
Potash and Phosphates added. Nitrogenous manures seem to 
aggravate the disease. 
Twice Biicut.—Small, stunted rosettes of leaves grow in the 
spring on the previous year’s wood, and fail to grow into healthy 
shoots. Later, in the early summer, strong shoots spring up from 
