591 
‘On the 5th July, 1901, another Order-in-Council revoked this 
order, and since then the prohibition of apples, pears, and quinces 
has been removed; but the importation is restricted to two ports 
of entry, where an efficient method of inspection and of fumigation 
has hitherto proved successful. 
‘ 
Life History in Australia. 
Apple trees blossom in Australia from the last week in Sep- 
tember to the end of October, and a week or two after the opening 
of the petals the first codlin moths issue from the pup@ or chrysalis, 
and the males and females mate. The proportion of these is fairly 
balanced. From observations made, the female lays 80 odd eggs. 
The mother moth flies about at dusk, or even earlier in the day if 
the weather is cloudy, and lays one egg on each apple (if more than 
one grub. is found in the fruit then the eggs have been laid by 
different moths); that egg is more frequently deposited about the 
eye, but it is sometimes seen on the stalk, or even on leaves. 
The eggs are sometimes infertile, especially in cool, foggy 
localities, where the parent moths either fail to mate, or on account 
of the egg not having sufficient warmth to hatch. The first theory 
is the more likley under Australian conditions. During the egg- 
depositing period the moths are said to fly long distances in search 
of a suitable place to lay their eggs, and are often carried in the 
direction of the prevailing wind. 
The eggs hatch in from seven to ten days, and the young grubs 
grope about nibbling at the fruit, generally about the eye, where 
they have their first few meals. Shortly after, they strike the apple 
and effect an entrance into the fruit, generally in the eye, but at 
times from the side or at the place where two apples touch, or where 
a leaf is resting on the fruit. Once this fruit is struck the young 
erub goes on tunnelling towards the core of the fruit, coming back 
to the entrance to void its castings, and afterwards leaving them in 
the tunnel. It soon reaches the pips, one or more of which it eats, 
and then, in about a month’s time, when full fed, it carves a tunnel 
out for itself, generally on the side of the fruit, but sometimes, 
although rarely, along the same channel it cut when entering into the 
apple. This channel is not always visible from outside, but when 
the apple is cut into often becomes noticeable. 
When full fed it either comes down with the fruit, which drops 
prematurely, or it lets itself down by means of a silky thread, and 
it then proceeds to seek shelter. This it finds, in most cases, under 
loose bark on the trunk or the main limbs of the tree itself or on 
adjoining trees, or on fencing posts, under heaps of rubbish, among 
empty cases, potato bags, or other packages, in the cracks of 
adjoining buildings, in piles of rubbish, or under dry clods; it has 
even been seen in the tails and manes of badly groomed horses 
