592 
Once secreted, ‘it spins for itself a protecting cocoon, and after a 
time varying from a few days to as many weeks or even months, 
it metamorphoses itself into a pupa or chrysalis, when it remains in 
that state for 10 to 20 days, after which it emerges into a perfect 
insect. 
It is thus seen that when the cireumstances lend themselves to 
its uninterrupted evolution during the warmer months, the coclin 
moth takes 40 to 50 days to pass through its metamorphosis; it 
often takes much longer. Lea, and with him other eareful observers, 
state that the full-grown grub or larva is, on the other hand, often 
weeks operating its transformation. It often lies in a semi-comatose 
state, curled up within its web, all through the autumn and the 
winter, before it changes into a pupa or chrysalis. 
The theory of multiple broods through the summer months is 
now fading away under the light of modern observation. A certain 
proportion do metamorphose into moths again during the season, 
but the majority of grubs pass the winter without changing to 
pupa. Lea and others affirm that in most cases only one brood 
is hatched during the season. 
Just as the grub or larve do not pupate all at once, so dur- 
ing the apple season all the moths do not come out at the same 
time. Those in the gullies, says Lea, will come out later than those 
in the open, and those on the sunny side of a tree before those 
on the shaded side. 
This irregularity has led many people to think that the moth 
was double brooded in Tasmania and other Australian States. The 
test to complete absence of empty chrysalis cases (not cocoons) in 
the bandages during January and February is, in Lea’s opinion, 
conclusive evidence that in Tasmania there is but one brood to deal 
with. 
Outward signs of Wormy Fruit. 
1. A careful examination of a wormy apple often shows, in the 
locality of the calyx, or the eye, a minute puncture surroundel 
with the castings of the young grub, more or less entangled in silky 
web. In some apples this is more apparent than in others. 
2. Frequently, when the apples are growing, a brownish, 
gummy substance may be seen oozing from the eye; and this sub- 
stance invariably denotes the presence of a grub. 
3. When the hole is made in the side, this gummy substance 
is very seldom seen, and the hole is generally covered with web, to 
which small particles of excrement adhere. After the grub has left, 
the hole is generally left partly uncovered, and the excrement 
(which is frequently matted together with web) rapidly turns 
mouldy, but it appears never to turn mouldy when the grub itself 
is present. 
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