598 
In Tasmania and Australia two common soldier beetles (Telephorus 
pulchellus and T. ruficollis) eat grubs; the spotted ladybird (Leis 
conformis) devours young grubs and even pull these from the 
fruit when it is just starting boring; ground beetles, and 
among them (Q@nathaphanus pulchér), one which occurs on 
the mainland; bugs of the genera Reduvius and Pentatoma 
destroy grubs sometimes even before these have left the fruit; 
even the much despised earwigs eat numbers of the grubs, 
and then afterwards will turn their attention to their exerements, 
and to the apple itself; spiders and centipedes eats the grubs, and 
the former the moths as well. Although a long list is here given 
of natural enemies of the codlin moth, nevertheless the fact remains 
that many more must exist, and also that they have proved them- 
selves to be inadequate in their isolated efforts in appreciably 
keeping down the codlin moth. How far their introduction from 
distant parts and their concentration in codlin moth-infested 
localities will prove effectual in combating that dreaded pest is a 
problem which awaits solution at the haads of economic entomolo- 
gists.” The key to their successful introduction would be in guard- 
ing against the introduction as well of the secondary parasites. 
CURCULIO. 
A weevil pest, seen for the first time in Western Australia at 
Dalgarup Park, Mr. Godfrey Hester’s property. It started some 
eighteen years ago around one or two trees, spreading (1906) 
centrifugally. Other members of the family are:— 
Orthorrhinus Kluggi, Scb.—The vine ecurculio. French, Part 
TIL. page 58. 
Leptos Hopei—tThe Victorian apple root-borer. 
Desiantha Maculata——The strawberry curculio. 
Conotrachelus Nenuphar, Herbst—The plum cureulio of 
Europe and of America. 
Otiorhynchus sulcatus, Fab.—The bud cureulio, which is here 
mentioned. (According to Lea, it should be O. ecribricollis as O. 
sulcatus as a larger and darker species with distinct spots on the 
scale. It is almost omnivorous, and attacks the twigs and buds and 
also the leaves of a number of plants. Miss Ormerod says the full 
grown insect is five-sixteenths of an inch from tip of snout to the 
end of wing cases, and one-eighth of an inch wide. 
The eggs are laid a little below the surface of the soil; the mag- 
gots or larve are legless, whitish, somewhat hairy, and occur from 
about August to the following Spring at the roots of the food plants. 
The pupa is yellowish white, with brownish hairs, found about April, 
three or four inches below the surface of the ground, and remain 
thus a fortnight. The weevils are four or five lines in length, of a 
