194 Medical Bacteriology. 
EXERCISE CXI. EXAMINATION OF TRANSUDATES AND EXUDATES. 
The material should be collected in sterile vessels under aseptic precautions. Make 
several cover-glass preparations and stain one with Loeffler’s methylen blue and the 
others with gentian violet or carbol-fuchsin. Mount and examine. 
a. If staphylococci alone are present search for the pyogenic micrococct. 
b. If streptococci suspect S. pyogenes. 
c. If diplococci.or tetracocci. 
1. Within the pus-cells test for M. gonorrhoeae or M. intracellularis. 
2. Free. 8. tetragena: 
d. If bacilli any of the following may be searched for: 
1. B. coli. This organism is likely to be found especially in suppurative 
peritonitis and diseases of the urinary organs. 2. B. anthracis. 8. B. pneumoniae. 
4, B. tuberculosis. 5. B. leprae. 6: B. mallet. 7. B. pestis. 8. P. aeruginosa. 9. 
B. welchti. 10. B. oedematis. 11. B. tetani. 
e. Streptothrix actinomyces. 
f. Amoeba coli. 
PYOGENIC MICROCOCCI. These organisms are frequently present in pus and should be 
isolated and identified in pure cultures as microscopical examinations alone will not 
suffice. 
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES. This organism is not infrequently present and can be 
readily identified by culture methods. 
MicROcoccUS GONORRHOEAE. Pus should be collected in a sterile receptacle or 
spread on cover-glasses and allowed to dry, but should not be allowed to dry and then wet 
up again to spread, as this destroys the pus-cells, and hence the valueof the material for 
diagnosis. 
Stain: 
1. a. Loeffler’s methylen blue 3-5 minutes. 
b. Wash in water. 
e. Dry, mount. in balsam and examine with #5 in. oil immersion. 
d. Look for a biscuit-shaped diplococcus within the pus-cells. 
2. By Gram’s method. 
a. Anilin oil gentian violet 15 minutes. 
bd. Wash in water. 
c. Treat with iodine solution 2 minutes. . 
d. Decolorize with alcohol. 
e. Counter-stain with Bismark brown, $ minutes. 
f. Wash, dry and mount in balsam. 
g- Examine with oil immersion. 
If the gonococci are present they will be stained brown. 
If diagnosis is of great importance make cultures as follows: — 
1) Make 6 or more streak cultures on blood agar or better make plates on Wertheim’s 
medium (p. 99). Grow at 38° C. 
2) Make a set of ordinary agar plates or streak cultures and keep at 38° C. 
The gonococcus grows on the first two media but not on the plain agar. The 
gonococcus is the only organism that: 
