29 

 tion of from (1 to 8) to (1 to 10) , applying either in the fall 

 after the leaves have droped, in t:Le spring before the buds open 

 or in very extreme cases at both times. For usual , average cases 

 however, one spraying is sufficient. 



Codling Lloth, 



Perhaps the most injurious biting insect pest known to 

 New York apple growers is the codling moth. It is a small 

 brown moth, seldom seen in the day time, which lays its et£S on 

 the young fruit or leaves. As soon as the caterpillars hatch out, 

 they migrate to the "blow' or calyz end of the apple where they 

 take their first meal preparatory to entering the fruit. They 

 eat their way into the core of the apple through the calyx end 

 and stay there until they become full grown in July or Augus'^., 

 when they bore a hole out through the side and leave for the loose 

 bark, vrtiere they spin a coocoon and hibernate over the v/inter. 

 In most parts of the country there are two broods annually, 

 the second one being the one to hibernate over the winter and 

 thus perpetuate the species. 



It is of course impracticable not to say impossible, to 

 attmept to exterminate the pest by reaching the mature moth. 

 The most vulnerable period of its life history is right after 

 it hatches and before it enters the fruit. If its first meal 

 contains a small dose of poison^ it is very likely to be its 

 last and it cannot hope to get very far on its v/ay into the core 

 of the fruit. Therefore have the poison ready for it by spray- 

 ing with arsenate of lead 2# to 50 gallons just as soon as the 

 fruit sets and the petals have fallen. At this time the calyx 

 is open and the poison can reach the calyx tube. It will be 

 useless to spray after the calyx has closed up, as the cater- 



