36 



Suiiimary, 



In the first place, decide whether or not you are going 

 to renovate. If you are, do it well; if not^do not start. 

 Half v/ay methods will acconiplish no results other than 

 perhaps a more fluent vocabulary and a general aver o ion to 

 all thin£;s horticultural. 



Then, if the trees crowdi, follov/ the suggested plan and 

 cut half of them out, cutting all dead wood from the remain- 

 ing trees. Burn all the brush. Pruning should be approached 

 with due consideration to the carbohydrate needs of the tree, 

 and the tall ones should be brought dov/n by degrees and not 

 in one year. Form the new heads low from the induced 

 v/atsr sprouts. 



Turn the sod over as soon/ as the ground breaks up 

 sufficiently in the spring and follow immediately with a 

 cuiaway and spring tooth harrov^. Keep the orchard cultivated 

 until the middle of J'uly ot the first of August, and then 

 sov/ a cover crop, preferably buckwheat, the first year. This 

 cover crop should be turned under the follo./ing spring. 



It might be well to apply lime at the rate of from 

 1,000# to 2,000# per acre, the first year the amount to vary 

 with the apparent n,;eds of the soil. Do not apply fertilizer 

 the first year, anyway. It is quite iTiipossible to know what 

 is v/anted at that time, if indeed anything is, and the chances 

 are that turning over the sod and looarening up the soil will 

 make sufficient plant food available for the needs of the trees. 



Follow the spray calendar as closely as possible and there 

 will be little trouble in controlling any of the diseases and 

 pests common to old apple trees. Spray against the wind for 

 codling moth; not with it. 



