ROSE FAMILY 



light red and lustrous, finally red brown. Tliey dev.elop in their 

 second year spur-like branchlets. 



ll'ooii. — Light brown, sapwood pale yellow; light, soft, close- 

 grained. Sp. gr., 0.5023 ; weight of cu. ft., 31 30 lbs. 



Win/rr Buds. — Brown, small, acute, often aggregated. 



Lcavts. — Alternate or in pairs, simple, oblong-lanceolate, thiec to 

 fi\'e inches long, three-quarters of an inch to an inch broad, wedge- 

 shaped or rounded at base, serrate, acute or acuminate. Feather 

 \eined. They come out of the bud conduplicate and bronze green ; 

 when full grown are bright lustrous green above, paler beneath. In 

 autumn they turn a briglit yellow. Petioles slender, grooved, smooth 

 or hairy, often glandular above the middle. Stipules acuminate, 

 serrate and early deciduous. 



Flo'cUers, — Alav, \\hcn leaves are half grown. Perfect, "'hite, one- 

 half inch across, borne on slender pedicels in four or fi\'e-flowered 

 umbels, generally clustered, two or three together. 



G;/i',r. — Campanulate, smooth, fne-lobed ; lobes obtuse, tipped 

 with red, finally refle.xed, imbricate in bud. 



Corolla. — Petals fix'e, cream-white, one-fourth of an inch long, 

 nearly orbicular, with short cla«'S, inserted on the calyx tube. 



Stat)ii-ns. — Fil'teen to twenty, inserted on caly.\ cup ; filaments 

 thread-like, smooth ; anthers introrse, two celled ; cells opening lon- 

 gitudinally. 



J'i.iiil. — Ox'ary one, superior, set in the caly.\ cup, smooth, one- 

 celled ; style filiform ; stigma capitate ; ovules two. 



Fruit. — Drupe, globular, one-fourth of an inch in diameter, tipped 

 with remnants of the style, light red with thin skin and sour flesh. 

 July. Stone olalong ; cotyledons thick and fleshy. 



The ense w ilh uliicli the seeds of Pnii/m pt-nnsvlvanicn are disseminated 

 t>y birds and mountain streams, tlieir \itality and power of germination in soil 

 where the upper hryers of luimns ha\'e heen destroyed hy fire, and the rapid 

 growtli of the youn,g plants, \\hicli soon form a covering for longer-lived trees, 

 constitute the chief value and interest of this plant, which in the northern part 

 of the country east of the mid-continental plateau, has played an important 

 part in the reproduct'on and preservation of the forests. 



— Gardeji and Forest. 



The range of the Wild Red Cherry is northern, it rarely 

 goes south and then only by way of the mountain tops. In 

 its best estate the tree is fifty feet high, but ordinarily it is 

 much smaller and it often constitutes the bulk of the un- 

 dergrowth of a forest. It bears the reddish brown, shining 

 bark characteristic of all the cherries, which peels off in hor- 

 izontal strips which is also a characteristic of the cherries. 



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