60 ' DISEASES OF THE HOG. 
tumors, and in some cases organized bands across 
the bowel, originating likely from the process of 
inflammatory adhesions of the surface of the mu- 
cous membrane in consequence of the exudation 
of coagulated lymph and a subsequent separation 
of these surfaces, before the lymph has become 
quite consolidated, so that it is drawn out in ap- 
parently interlacing cords. Twisting of the bowel 
is still another cause of obstruction, invagination 
of the bowel is a frequent cause, strangulation by 
the passing of a portion of the bowel through a 
' rent in the diaphragm, mesentery, ete. 
Symptoms of obstructions: It may come on sud- | 
denly, and in such cases there is great restlessness, 
vomiting, straining to pass feces, with the effect 
that the abdomen will swell and the animal show 
all signs of inflammation and soon die. In other 
cases it comes on slowly, the animal strains but 
cannot pass feces; this continues in spite of purga- 
tives and gradually goes on until the pig dies in 
great agony, > 
Treatment: Find the cause if possible but this 
is usually not easily done in the pig. First give 
a dose of castor oil and if this takes no effect give 
salts and senna or two ounces of castor oil and 
‘three drops of croton oil. When the pain is severe 
give one grain of opium at a dose every two hours 
or one grain of opium and half a grain of calomel 
every two hours. Injections of soap and warm 
water should be given every hour. If the vomit- 
ing is severe give a drop or two of wine of ipecac. 
Physostigmine in doses of one-tenth of a grain and 
