DISEASES OF THE HOG, 181 
TETANUS. 
P The exciting causes of tetanus are wounds and 
injuries. A great deal has been written as to the 
character of the wound, but it is generally ad- 
mitted that it may take place as a result of any 
kind of wound, but the punctured wounds, espe- 
cially if they are in the feet, are more likely to pro- 
duce it than any other kind. The interval between 
the reception of the wound and the occurrence of 
tetanus is very uncertain. According to the state- 
ment of some writers it has taken in a few minutes 
after the operation or wound, but it most frequent- 
ly takes place as the wound begins to or has almost 
healed. Idiopathic tetanus is supposed to be 
caused by something which is likely to disturb the 
motor nerve system, such as exposure to cold, in- 
digestible substances in the stomach, worms in the 
intestines and irritation of the urine system. It 
has made its appearance and the cause could not 
be determined. It is ascribed to a bacillus tetani 
which is found in the soil getting into the wound 
and there developing in the nerve tissue. The fact 
that tetanus in some cases comes on immediately 
after a surgical operation would throw doubt on 
this statement. I intend making a number of ex- 
periments on this bacillus tetani this fall and shall 
publish the results. is 
Symptoms: The first thing noticed in animals 
affected with this disease will be a protruding of 
the membrana nictitans (a membrane of the eye 
peculiar to animals) when the head is turned to one 
side. There will be stiffness of the muscles near 
