THE LINDEN FAMILY 367 



is to 8ay, consisting of sepals more or less united, so as to 

 form an upper and a lower lip. 



The most distinctive peculiarity of the family is its typical 

 fruit, called a legume J This consists of a single carpel which 

 becomes dry and normallj' splits into two valves by dorsal 

 and ventral sutures. As in the mustard family we found that 

 the radish has an indehiscent pod of two carpels which is 

 essentially a silique in structure, so here in certain genera 

 we find pods of one carpel, essentially legumes, but without 

 the usual mode of dehiscence. Peanuts, for example, though 

 indehiscent, are plainly like pea-pods in most important re- 

 spects, and both may well be called legumes. 



A still stranger modification of legume is the fruit of Hsematoxylon 

 which dehisces into two valves but along lines midway between the 

 ventral and the dorsal sutures, as indicated by C'/ < > . 



The great majority of our wild or cultivated members of 

 the pulse family may be recognized by their having mostly 

 papilionaceous, or at least irregular corollas, and a single 

 carpel which Jorms a legume, while in other respects these plants 

 are similar to those of the rose family. 



114. The rose order (Resales) includes several famihes 

 which agree for the most part with the rose and the pulse 

 family in bearing botryose inflorescences of usually complete 

 perigynous floioers, regular or irregular, having petals at least 

 partly distinct, and pistils with a ventral or axile placenta. 



These features are indicated in the formula of Resales on pages 

 410, 411. 



115. The linden family (Tiliaceae.) Examples: jute 

 (Figs. 218 I, II, page 232), and linden (Figs. 251, 252, 

 page 264). 



See the formulas of Corchorus, Tilia, and TiliaocEe on pages 410, 

 411. 



The bracts of lindens (Tilia) and the androecium and 

 fruit of the family present the chief peculiarities which call 

 for present notice. The bracts of jute (Corchorus) present 



■ Leg'ume < L. legumen, beans, etc., or that which may be gathered 

 by hand without cutting < legere, gather. Its sign is C/ C ■ 



