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the chain ; he is not only attracted by the strange sensatiou in 

 the mouth, but when pulled on the chain side receives such 

 severe and unexpected punishment that he will quickly give up 

 his habit. 



No. 5. Dead-Mouth ob Jaw Bit, — This bit may be used on 

 horses that pull very much on the reins, and a lady may with 

 safety drive a horse, as she can control him quite easily. 



The attachment to this bit is made as follows : Take two pieces 

 of leather about three inches in diameter, make a hole in the 

 center of each to admit of the bit, cut the leather so as to put 

 pieces on after, sew up slit, attach two billets on under side with 

 buckle, then buckle on under jaw. This bit may be used without 

 a head-stall. 



To Educate Horses Not to be Afraid of Objects When 



Driving. 



It is impossible to overestimate the value of the subjoined 

 instructions respecting nervous and shying horses, therefore on 

 this topic I wish to be particularly clear and explicit. Let the 

 reader understand that horses take fright at objects because they 

 fancy those objects will harm them, and if you can by any means 

 appeal to the horse's brain, and satisfy him that he is not going 

 to be hurt, you have accomplished your object, and in order to 

 do so, you must have control of your horse. I do not mean by 

 this that you are to adopt the too frequent course pursued by 

 many, viz., subduing with the whip, or other harsh means, 

 which will, without almost an exception, increase the fear instead 

 of removing the habit ; again, when a horse shies, the driver 

 commences to jerk on the rein nearest to the object, and at once 

 applies the whip, fully determined to master his horse ; both man 

 and horse get excited and the horse comes off victorious, be- 

 cause he cannot control him by the means used, and the result 

 is that the next time the animal is frightened it bears a two-fold 

 character, the fear of the object, and the fear of the whip-punish- 

 ment. 



In order to properly educate your horses in this department, 

 I would specially direct the reader to observe and practice the 



