der, one ounce ; Bulphuric ether, one ounce ; tincture of opium, 

 two ounces. If these measures fail in giving ease from pain, pout 

 two ounces of chloroform on a small moist sponge, and hold it to 

 the nostrils, not too closely, but admit a portion of air with the 

 fumes of the chloroform (see Medicines). The sponge may be 

 placed in a towel, and the ends carried up around the nose of the 

 horse, to save waste ; or place the sponge in the bottom of a nose- 

 bag, and put it on the head, but not too close upon the nose. 



Last Remedy. It must be confessed that the longer this disease is 

 unrelieved, the more remote is the chance of recovery, as the bowel 

 sometimes contracts upon itself, or nearly closes altogether. To 

 overcome this condition an operation is recommended, which I do 

 not say will be a success, nor yet a failure. When it failed in my 

 hands, it was not because the gas was not let out of the bowels, 

 but because the blood had become so disintegrated, and the ner- 

 vous centres so paralyzed that the sanative powers of the consti- 

 tution had received too great a shock to ever rally again. 



The Operation. Procure an instrument (See Instruments), called 

 a trocar. If this be not at hand, sharpen a breakfast knife, and 

 measure an equal distance from the haunch bone and the short 

 rin, and not too high upon the back ; force the knife into the dis- 

 tended bowel, and turn the knife in the wound thus made, and 

 hold it there until all the imprisoned gas has escaped ; and as the 

 gas sometimes still accumulates, keep the knife or instrument in 

 the wound, if it be for half a day. When the knife or instrument 

 is taken out, place a piece of sticking plaster over the wound. 

 (See Medicines.) 



Stones, or hair calculi, are often found, after death, in the bowels 

 of horses subject to colic. I have seen six taken from one mare 

 that I had under treatment. Remember, the great principle in 

 the treatment of colic, in all its forms, is to relieve pain. This 

 also holds good in most diseases of horses. The doctor, if he fail 

 to allay pain, cannot cure the disease. 



Coma. — A horse is said to be in a comatose state when in an 

 apoplectic fit, in sleepy staggers, and when dying from spasmodic 

 colic (which see). 



Congestion of the Lungs. — (See Lung Diseases.) 



Constipation. — A confined condition of the bowels accompa- 



