— S80 — 



never put confidence in any person who undertakes to cure colic, 

 without injections of warm water, soap, and salt. 



Intestines. — Introsusception, or an entangling of the intestines, 

 sometimes takes place in horses, and proves fatal. 



Causes. Bowels empty, and the horse being driven fast. 



Symptom. When the horse comes in, he is observed to be un- 

 easy — lying down, pawing with his feet, following closely the 

 symptoms of colic. The difficulty or impossibility of procuring 

 relief, is only seen on examination, after the horse is dead. (See 

 Bowel Diseases.) 



Itch. — (See Mange and Skin Diseases.) 



Interfering. — This name is in use when speaking of a horse hit- 

 ting himself on the inside of the pastern joint, either on the hind 

 or fore leg. Sometimes it is called cutting. It is usually done 

 with the side of the opposite foot. 



Causes. The blacksmith is many times wrongfully blamed for 

 want of attention or skill in shoeing the horse, because he inter- 

 feres. There are cases, no doubt, where a little observation and 

 care, on the part of the shoer, would have prevented it. From 

 much observation, however, I am satisfied that the chief cause 

 lies in the weakness of the horse, particularly in the spring of the 

 year. Horsemen well know that their horses did not interfere in 

 the winter months, when the weather was not oppressive, and the 

 horse in excellent spirits ; and no changes have been made in the 

 sheer or manner of shoeing. 



Treatment. Give a few powders of iron and gentian in the feed, 

 to restore the horse to strength. (See Medicines.) 



Jack. — A small point on the inside of the hock-joint of the 

 horse, affected with bone spavin. 



Jaundice. — This signifies bile in the blood; biliary intoxi- 

 cation, tinging the membranes of the nose, mouth, etc., with a 

 yellow color. 



Joint Diseases. — The diseases of the various joints in the horse, 

 are many. Among them may be enumerated : Of spavin — ^bone, 

 blood, bog and occult — four varieties, all of the hock-joint ; of the 

 patella, in the form of dislocation ; of the hip, or whirl-bone joint, 

 ulceration and sprain ; of the joints of the back-bones, caries and 

 ulcerations ; of the foot, coffin-joint, commonly called navicular 



