Shoulder-Jom* Lameness. — This is a more serious form rf 

 lameness than sprain of the muscles of the shoulder. It consista 

 in the softening of the articular cartilages of the joint membranes, 

 and great secretion of unhealthy synovia (joint oil), producing 

 bulging of the ligaments (capsular), and covering the joint. It 

 can be detected by making the horse stand upon the lame limb, 

 and by holding up the other one. This is a disease similar tO 

 spavin in the hock-joint, which accounts for the unsatisfactory re- 

 sults of treatment. 



Symptons. The horse drags his toe, and throws his leg Out at 

 every movenjcnt of the limb. 



Treatment. As before stated, this is rather unsatisfaotbry, from 

 the fact that the cartilages are likely to be destroyed, and the 

 bone underneath apt to become ulcerated ; but if taken in time, 

 much good can be done. In many cases, a cure can be efifected 

 by the ointment of red iodide of mercury, well rubbed in once a 

 week, for a few times. 



Take of bin iodide of mercury, two drachms; hog's lard, two 

 ounces. Mix well on the bottom of a dinner plate, or a smooth 

 ?late, with a table kit,ife. Of this ointment, take one-fourth and 

 ■/ub well into the joSit, tying up the horse's head for a few hours, 

 to prevent his getti' g at the shoulder with his mouth ; allow soft 

 bedding for the fro3t feet to stand upon, as the horse will stamp 

 with his foot on the floor — for the action of this ointment is con- 

 sidered to be as painful as the hot iron, for half an hour from the 

 ^ime it begins to act till the parts commence to swell from its 

 f Undid effects. Hence, firing irons are now not much used, except 

 11 the hands of old fogies. Daily, oil or grease the parts for a 

 (peek, then apply as before, and remember that to get all the 

 benefit of this ointment, it must be well rubbed in the parts. 



Side Bones. — A species of ring-bone ; only the side cartilages 

 of the foot are converted into bone, and do not, as in ring-bone, 

 extend round the coronet, or portion immediately above the hoof. 

 The cause and treatment are the same as in ring-bone (which see). 



Sinus. — A long, narrow and ulcerated track, communicating 

 either with the inside of an abscess or diseased bone. (See Fis- 

 tula and Poll-Evil.) 



Sjtfasts.— These are hard and insensible tumors, sometimes 



