224 DOUGLAS' JOURNAL 



the ball having passed through both shoulders and a second was still 

 necessary before she could be taken. Mackay made a fine shot at the 

 distance of two hundred yards, his ball passing through the chest, upon 

 which the deer took to the water and was swimming to the opposite side 

 when he passed a second in at one ear and out of the other. Arrived at the 

 camp at twelve o'clock, in fine spirits. The deer floated down the stream 

 and was dragged to shore by an Indian boy. The following is its dimen- 

 sions : From the nose to the point of the taU, 6 feet ; tail, 1 foot ; length 

 of the head, 13 inches ; breadth of the head between the eyes, 5 ; length of 

 the ears, 8 ; girth round the chest, 3 feet 5 inches ; foreleg from the hoof 

 to the shoulder head, 3 feet 5 inches ; hoof to the knee, 1 foot 2 inches ; 

 from the knee to the shoulder, 11 inches ; hind leg, extreme length, 3 feet 

 5 inches ; hoof to the knee, 15 inches ; knee to the hip-joint, 15 inches ; 

 neck, 15 inches long, girth 2 feet. This is considered one of the largest 

 size, weighing about 190 lb. of meat, very fat. After a comfortable meal 

 between one and two o'clock, I turned my specimens and exposed some of 

 the last gathered seeds and cones of Pinus taxifolia ^ and then made a turn 

 down the river, but found nothing different from yesterday. The horses 

 with my articles arrived at four o'clock in a sad condition. The tin-box 

 containing my note-book and small papers broken and the sides pressed 

 close together ; a small canister of preserving powder in a worse state ; 

 and the only shirt except the one now on my back worn by rubbing between 

 them like a piece of surgeon's lint. In the evening, arranged my papers 

 and found nothing materially injured. I am glad I took the precaution of 

 carrying the specimens of seeds and plants on my back, otherwise they 

 woidd have been much destroyed. The country towards the upper part 

 of the river appears to be more raised and mountainous, and perhaps will 

 afiord my wished-for pine being nearer the spot described to me in August 

 1825 by an Indian whUe on the Multnomah, in whose smoking-pouch 

 I found some of its large seeds. Should the morning be fine and any pro- 

 vision killed to take with me, I intend to start for a few days. Baptist 

 Mackay has given me one of his Indian hunters, a young man about 

 eighteen years old, as a guide ; of what nation he belongs to he does not 

 know, but tells me he was brought from the south by a war party when a 

 chUd and kept as a slave until Mackay took him : he is very fond of this 

 sort of life and has no wish of returning to his Indian relations. He speaks 

 a few words of the Umpqua tongue and understands the Chenook, so I 

 will have no difficulty in conversing with this, my only companion. Keep 

 the horns of this large deer, which I will measure at a more convenient 

 season. Evening fine. 



Wednesday, 18{A.— Heavy dew during the night, morning dull and 

 heavy. Before I could get all ready for my march it was eleven o'clock : 

 took my course due south through a broken varied country and crossed the 

 river five mQes from our encampment, where there were two lodges and 

 about twenty-five souls, the greater part women and wives of Centrenose 

 i(an Indian word), the chief of the tribe inhabiting the upper part of the 

 river, and who is at present forty-five miles higher up the river. They 

 1 Psevdotsuga Douglasii, Mast, in Journ. R. Hort. Soc. xiv. p. 245. 



