238 DOUGLAS' JOURNAL 



Thursday, l&ih.—ThiB morning we started in hopes of reaching our old 

 camp on the Multnomah and would have done so had we not mistaken 

 the path. Being unacquainted with the country, and lest we should go 

 wrong, we chose to keep along the bank of the river, which took up more 

 time than if we had taken the proper path, nearly a straight line. At two 

 o'clock were met by Tochty (or Pretty) one of the Calapooia chiefs, who 

 directed us on the right way and said that we should find canoes on the 

 Multnomah, a few miles above his house. Our horses failing us, we had 

 to camp ten miles from the place where we were to leave them. In the 

 morning keen frost. 



Friday, 17JA.— This morning was much colder than yesterday. Started 

 shortly before the men in quest of deer, having nothing to eat. Saw several 

 but could not get near enough by the crisping noise among the frozen 

 grass. Went down on the high banks of the river to two Calapooia lodges, 

 where I was kindly treated by the inmates. The only article in the way 

 of animal food was a small piece of the rump of Long-tailed Deer, which 

 the good woman on seeing I stood in need of food had without loss of time 

 cooked for me. The greater part of it was only the bare vertebrae, which 

 she pounded with two stones and placed it in a basket-work kettle among 

 water and steamed it by throwing red hot stones in it and covering it over 

 with a close mat until done. On this, with a few hard nuts and roots of 

 Phalangium QuamasJi,^ I made a good breakfast. After paying my expenses 

 with a few balls and shots of powder, and a few beads, I resumed my walk 

 towards the end of my journey, five miles distant. At one o'clock I 

 reached our old camp on the Multnomah, where I found the men, who had 

 come on at a quick pace with the horses. Intending now to complete 

 the remainder of our journey by water, our next step was to look for a 

 canoe. One of the men went up a few miles to an Indian village, the 

 other stayed to take care of the camp while I went down the east bank 

 of the river in search of Etienne Lucien, one of the Canadian hunters, who, 

 as I learned, had camped about seven miles below. Returned two hours 

 after dark, unable to find him. Killed a fine large buck, the half of which 

 I brought to the camp and hung the other on a small tree out of reach of the 

 wolves, lest we should stand in need ; if not, to give it to some poor 

 Indian. Fannaux joined us at nine o'clock, unable to find a canoe. 

 Overcast at noon, light rain remainder of the day. 



Saturday, ISth. — Last night an old woman and her son came to the camp 

 who had been at the Falls twenty-five miles below buying salmon. They 

 informed me that Lucien's family was below at their camp. With much 

 persuasion I obtained the loan of her small canoe and despatched one of the 

 men to procure a larger one, suf&cient to carry us all. Shortly after mid- 

 day he returned with one in which we all embarked and proceeded on our 

 route to their camp, the only place we could put up at. On our arrival in 

 the evening I found Mr. James Birnie and B. La Zand the Columbian guide, 

 and a party of six men, who had arrived there in the interval on their way 

 to the Umpqua River, where I had just left. He kindly provided a com- 

 fortable supper consisting of venison steaks, a few potatos, and a basin 

 ^ Camassia esculenta. Baker; in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 257. 



