170 BULLETIN 56, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



oj- lac'lirymal vac-iiity of such diineiisions as to exclude the lachrymal 

 bone from articulation Avith the nasal. Upper canines usually pres- 

 ent in both sexes, and sometimes attaining a very great size in the 

 male. Lateral digits of both fore and hind feet almost always 

 present, and frequently the distal ends of the metapodials. Placenta 

 with few cotyledons. Gall bladder absent (except in Moschus). 

 {Flower, Encyc. Brit., Ninth ed., XV., p. 432.) 



Subfamily CERVITsT-^El. 



Horns deciduous, solid, developed from the frontal bone, more or 

 less branched, covered at first by a soft, hairy integument, known as 

 "velvet;" Avhen the horns attain their full size, which they do in 

 a very short time, there arises at the base of each a ring of tubercles, 

 known as the "burr;" this compresses and finally obliterates the 

 blood vessels supplying the velvet, Avhich dries up and is stripped 

 off, leaving the bone hard and insensible ; the horns or " antlers " are 

 shed annually, the separation of the " beam " from its " pedicel " tak- 

 ing j)lace just below the burr; antlers are [normally] wanting in the 

 female (excepting in the reindeer), but they are present in the male 

 of iiearly all species. Stomach in four divisions, of the ordinary 

 ruminant pattern. Dental formula, /. g^; c. (usuallj') p^; pm. |^. 

 wi. gzig. {Jordan.) 



Genus ODOCOILEUS Rafinesque (1832). 

 Odoooileus Rafinesque, Atlantic .Tournal, 1, p.l09. Autumn of 1S.S2. 



Type. — Odocoileus s'peleus 'RAriNESQUE=6'er'y?/.s dama americanus 

 Eexleben, or a closely related subfossil form. 



For the use of this name in place of Cariacus (Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. 

 Regne Animal, 1842, p. 173) and Dorcelaphus (Gloger, Hand.-u. 

 Hilfsb. der Naturgesch., 1841, pp. XXXIII, 140), see Merkia^i, Proc. 

 Biol. Soc. Wash., XII, p. 99, April 30, 1898. 



Regarded by Lydekker (The Deer of All Lands, 1898, p. 243), as 

 forming part of the genus Mazama. 



Characters. — Horns small, curving forward, the first snag short, 

 at some distance above the base, and like the others curving upward ; 



the conclusion of tlie war the remnant of the.se useful beasts once move came 

 mider the Government of the United States, and others were purchased in 

 180C. These were distributed through Arizona and Texas for breeding pur- 

 poses ; but many died, and the experiment proved unsatisfactory. Consequently 

 those that survived were turned adrift to shift for themselves. During the 

 period occupied by the Boundary Survey some camels were known to exist, 

 most of them north of the Gila River, in southwest Arizona. We saw a skel- 

 eton of one on the Tnle Desert, but no living camel. [For an account of the 

 introduction of camels and dromedaries into Texas, see Attwater, Bull Am 

 Mus. Nat. Ilist., VI, 1804, p. 184.] 



