CATTLE 



213 



or in a herd registry. These are now Ivept by 

 breeders' associations in all nations. In these 

 books every bull and every cow that is registered 

 has its number. Some associations also ha\'e 

 records of good and bad qualities, of character- 

 istic traits, and of changes occurring from time 

 to time, which form a basis of schedule for tlie 

 cattle ; all countries in our day follow this plan. 

 These books are guarantees for the bu)er ; they 

 have, moreover, a general interest for the public 

 health and for the milk trade, and they furnish 

 invaluable data for commerce. 



MiLKix(i Cows IX France 



IV. Breeds of Cattle 



There are a great number of breeds of cattle 

 in different parts of the world, so many that we 

 can mention but a few here, — the important ones 

 that contribute primarily to our own cattle stock 

 and that comprise the millions of herds scattered 

 all over our land, on hillside and river bottom, on 

 mountain and plain, on good lands and poor. 



Dutch cattle, which form with those of Fries- 

 land and the shores of the North Sea a race apart, 

 have a good reputation everywhere. For that 

 reason we begin our short survey of races with 



A FixF, Dutch Bui-L 



them. The chief breeds are those of Fries- 

 land, Groningen, and northern and south- 

 ern 1 lolland. 



The cattle of Fricsland have long bodies, 

 tlie loins and shoulders well filled out. The 

 udder of the cow is remarkable for size, 

 and the production (^f milk is very great. 

 The Cjualities of this breed are highly \-alued 

 e\'erywhere, and many of the cattle ha\'e 

 been brought to our country, where to- 

 da)' they are found in nearly every state. 

 They are of large size, black and white in 

 color, and popular because of their abun- 

 dant milk supply. The genealogical book 

 of Holstein-Friesiaii cattle demands the 

 following characteristics : skin soft and 

 lax ; head delicate and short ; large e\'es, 

 large nostrils, and drooping horns bent 

 slightly forward ; chest broad and deep ; 



A WixxEK IN 1'iikki;-Ye.^k-0i.d Cl.ass at 

 St.\kk Coi'XTY Fair 



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